2000年--外文翻译--电影的哲学范围

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1、中文 4245 字 ,2829 单词， 13000 英文字符 出处： Russell B. The philosophical limits of filmJ. 2000. The Philosophical Limits of Film Bruce Russell In this discussion I will argue that film can vividly introduce philosophical problems and can solve some problems by showing us what is possible. But it cannot show

2、us what is probable and sometimes not even what is possible I Why be Moral? Ever since Plato philosophers have been concerned with the relationship between morality and practical reason. Is it possible for there to be an action that is prohibited by morality but permitted, or even required, by pract

3、ical reason? Surely, if you have a ring that will make you invisible, like the one Soc-rates describes in the Republic, and so will allow you to get away with all sorts of wrongdoing, at least sometimes it will be in your interest to act wrongly. Insofar as practical reason requires us to act in our

4、 self-interest, or as we would most want to act if we were fully informed, uncoerced and thinking clearly, then practical reason could require us to do what is morally prohibited. Plato, of course, argued that it is always better to be just than unjust, that is, to be a just than an unjust person. H

5、is argument is that there is dis-harmony in the soul of an unjust person and that will ultimately make life worse for him, regardless of how much worldly success he enjoys. There are two obvious responses to this argument. First, it does not address the question of whether it is ever practically rat

6、ional to act immorally since it focuses on the difference between just and unjust persons, or lives, rather than actions. If Plato is right in thinking it is better to be a just than an unjust person, why not be a just person and on rare occasions perform unjust acts when it is particularly beneficial to you and it is very unlikely that youll be caught? Second, it seems that an unjust person need not have disharmony in his soul, which suggests that Platos definition of justice as harmony i