汉语言相关外文翻译--就句法和语义两方面对汉语“连...也都”句型的研究

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1、中文 1778 字，英文 1250 单词  毕业论文外文文献翻译  译文： 就句法和语义两方面对汉语“连 .也 /都”句型的研究   1 Some aspects of the syntax and semantics of the "lin.ye/dou" construction in Mandarin Marie-Claude Paris Before analyzing the semantics of the lin.y/du construction, it is first important to determine the r

2、ole of y and du, because y and du can never be deleted whereas lin can. Since the constituent that follows lin bears the major stress, a spoken utterance containing such a stressed constituent together with y or du will be understood as containing the quasi-quantifier lin. In writing, lin helps disa

3、mbiguate between the different readings of y and du. The semantics of y and du constitute the subject matter of the following section.   1. The operators y and du   Both y and du have a quantificational and modal value.   1.1  Quantificational values   Y is a marker of addit

4、ion.In saying (112) the speaker asserts that Li Si came and  presupposes that somebody else came.   (112)  Li  Si  also  come  S.M.   Li  Si  also/too came   (113)   he  O.M.  that  Cl.  book  all  read  S

5、.M.  he  read  the  whole  book   (114)  we  all  go  S.M.  United  States   we  all  went  to  the  United  States   (115)   whoever  all  Neg.  open  mouth   Nobody &nb

6、sp;said  a  word   Because examples like (114) are the most frequent ones,du has sometimes been misleadingly called a plural marker.Du scans all the elements of a set ; in that sense it is a  conjunction marker.If women ('we') stands for two persons : x and y(114) can be

7、written as :  2 Assertion : Q (x) & Q(y)   (116)   Zhang  San  come  S. M.  Li  Si  also  come  S. M.   Zhang  San  came  and  Li  Si  also  came (117)    Zhang  San  and  Li &

8、nbsp;Si  all  come  S. M.   both  Zhang  San  and  Li  Si  came   Both y and du are quantifiers/conjunctions which are predicated of propositions, not of NPs, as seen in (118) and (119).     (118)     yesterday  Zhang  San  and  Mary  unite   S.M.  marriage   yesterday  Zhang  San  and  Mary