外文翻译--社会保障和双职工家庭（节选）

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1、中文 3050 字 ,1790 单词， 9900 英文字符 出处： Kaygusuz R. Social Security and Two-Earner HouseholdsC/ 2007 Meeting Papers. Society for Economic Dynamics, 2007. 一 、英文 Social security and two-earner households Remzi Kaygusuz 1.Introduction Due to aging of US population, reforming its social security system has be

2、en a hot topic for policy makers as well as academic economists in the past decades.1 Many reform proposals, including elimination of the current pay-as -you-go system, have been widely discussed and studied. Most of the discussions overlook the fact that elimination of the current system will also

3、eliminate the intragenerational redistribution that is built into the system. Implications of eliminating major redistributive policies of social security on labor supply and welfare have been unexplored in the dynamic equilibrium analyses in the macroeconomics and public finance literatures. This p

4、aper fills this gap. Current workers face a flat payroll tax rate up to a cap level of earnings. Monthly benefit entitlement of a retiree, i.e, Primary Insurance Amount (PIA), is a function of average past earnings. The overall system is generally thought to be progressive since this function replac

5、es a larger fraction of past earnings for lower earners than higher earners. However, spousal and survivors benefit provisions may break this relation between ones past earnings and retirement income. Existing system gives a married retiree the right to collect the higher of own PIA and the spousal

6、benefit, a provision that is equal to 50% of the spouses PIA. Hence, the system pays retirement income to some individuals who never pay payroll taxes. For instance, a lifelong single-earner married household collects 150% of the PIA of the breadwinner every month upon retirement.3 In addition, a survivor gets the higher of own PIA and the survivors benefit, a provision that amounts to 100% of the spouses PIA. Even though these provisions aid many married households, they potentially d