外文翻译---中国老年人的宗教信仰和主观幸福感（节选）

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1、3200 单词， 1.8 万英文字符 ,6100 汉字 出处： Brown P H, Tierney B. Religion and subjective well-being among the elderly in ChinaJ. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 2009, 38(2):310-319. Religion and subjective well-being among the elderly in China PH Brown ， B Tierney 1. Introduction Since Easterlins (1974) pionee

2、ring analysis of the interplay between aggregate economic growth and the average subjective well-being of a countrys citizens, economists have embraced subjective well-being as an important economic outcome and proxy for individual utility. One prominent line of research has shown that aggregate dat

3、a on happiness may be used to inform macroeconomic policy. For example, Di Tella et al. (2001) use data from a dozen European countries to infer each countrys subjective preferences for the trade-off between unemployment and ination. Helliwell (2006) estimates the social valuation of good and transp

4、arent governance, economic stability, and the rule of law. Alesina et al. (2005) and Gruber and Mullainathan (2002) assess the effect of labormarket regulation and cigarette taxes, respectively, on collective well-being. At the disaggregated level, economists have long held that revealed preference

5、more accurately represents true well-being than subjective states of mind, yet deducing changes in happiness from observed behavior is often difcult in practice. Although care must be taken in the use and interpretation of subjective data,Lelkes (2006) and Frey and Stutzer (2002a) note that measures

6、 of subjective well-being are reliable measures of “experienced utility,” and the use of subjective data on well-being has recently been embraced by economists. A popular line of empirical inquiry in the recent research on individual-level well-being has been identifying the determinants of happiness among various population groups. Large-scale surveys conducted in the United States,2 the European Union,3 and 81 countries from across the socioeconomic spectrum demonstrate a considerable