外文翻译---基于单片机的十字路口交通灯控制器的设计

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1、目录 I 目 录 附件 1： 外文文献原文 第 1 页 附件 2： 外文文献译文 第 11 页 附件 3： 硬件设计电路 第 20 页 附件 4： 软件设计电路 第 23 页 附录 1 附件 1：外文文献原文 BASED ON MCU INTERSECTION TRAFFIC LIGHTS THE CONTROLLER DESIGN Because of the rapid development of our economy resulting in the car number of large and medium-sized cities surged and the urban tr

2、affic, is facing serious test, leading to the traffic problem increasingly serious, its basically are behaved as follows: traffic accident frequency, to the human life safety enormous threat, Traffic congestion, resulting in serious travel time increases, energy consumption increase； Air pollution a

3、nd noise pollution degree of deepening, etc. Daily traffic jams become people commonplace and had to endure. In this context, in combination with the actual situation of urban road traffic, develop truly suitable for our own characteristics of intelligent signal control system has become the main ta

4、sk. Preface In practical application at home and abroad, according to the actual traffic signal control application inspection, planar independent intersection signal control basic using set cycle, much time set cycle, half induction, whole sensor etc in several ways. The former two control mode is

5、completely based on planar intersection always traffic flow data of statistical investigation, due to traffic flow the existence of variable sex and randomicity, the two methods have traffic efficiency is low, the scheme, the defects of aging and half inductive and all the inductive the two methods

6、are in the former two ways based on increased vehicle detector and according to the information provided to adjust cycle is long and green letter of vehicle, it than random arrived adaptability bigger, can make vehicles in the parking cord before as few parking, achieve traffic flowing effect In mod

7、ern industrial production,current,voltage,temperature, pressure, and flow rate, velocity, and switch quantity are common mainly controlled parameter. For example: in metallurgical industry, chemical production, power engineering, the papermaking industry, machinery and food processing and so on many

8、 domains, people need to transport the orderly control. By single chip microcomputer to control of traffic, not only has the convenient control, configuration simple and flexible wait for an advantage, but also can greatly improve the technical index by control quantity, thus greatly improve product

9、 quality and quantity. Therefore, the monolithic integrated circuit to the traffic light control problem is an industrial production we often encounter problems. In the course of industrial production, there are many industries have lots of traffic equipment, in the current system, most of the traff

10、ic control signal is accomplished by relays, but relays response time is long, sensitivity low, long-term after use, fault opportunity increases greatly, and adopts single-chip microcomputer control, the accuracy of far greater than relays, short response time, software reliability, not because work

11、ing time reduced its performance sake, compared with, this solution has the high feasibility. 附录 2 About AT89C51 (1) function characteristics description: AT89C51 is a low power consumption, high performance CMOS8 bit micro-controller, has the 8K in system programmable Flash memory. Use high-density

12、 Atmel company the beltpassword nonvolatile storage technology and manufacturing, and industrial 80S51 product instructions and pin fully compatible. Chip Flash allow program memory in system programmable, also suitable for conventional programmer. In a single chip, have dexterous 8 bits CPU and in

13、system programmable Flash, make AT89C51 for many embedded control application system provides the high flexible, super efficient solution. AT89C51 has the following standard function: 8k bytes Flash, 256 bytes RAM, 32-bit I/O mouth line, the watchdog timer, two data pointer, three 16 timer/counter,

14、a 6 vector level 2 interrupt structure, full-duplex serial port, piece inside crystals timely clock circuit. In addition, AT89C51 can drop to 0Hz static logic operation, support two software can choose power saving mode. Idle mode, the CPU to stop working, allowing the RAM, timer/counter, serial por

15、ts, interruption continue to work. Power lost protection mode, RAM content being saved, has been frozen, microcontroller all work stop, until the next interruption or hardware reset so far. As shown in figure 1 for the AT89C51 pins allotment. P 1 . 01P 1 . 12P 1 . 23P 1 . 34P 1 . 45P 1 . 56P 1 . 67P

16、 1 . 78R S T/ V p d9(R X D )P 3 .010(T X D )P 3 .111(IN T0 )P 3 .212(IN T1 )P 3 .313(T 0 )P 3 .414(T 1 )P 3 .515(W R )P 3 . 616(R D )P 3 .717X T A L218X T A L119E N D20P 2 0 (A 8 )21P 2 1 (A 9 )22P 2 2 (A 1 0 )23P 2 3 (A 1 1 )24P 2 4 (A 1 2 )25P 2 5 (A 1 3 )26P 2 6 (A 1 4 )27P 2 7 (A 1 5 )28P S E N2

17、9E A /V p d31A L E/ P R O G30P 0 . 7 (A D 7 )32P 0 . 6 (A D 6 )33P 0 . 5 (A D 5 )34P 0 . 4 (A D 4 )35P 0 . 3 (A D 3 )36P 0 . 2 (A D 2 )37P 0 . 1 (A D 1 )38P 0 . 0 (A D 0 )39V C C40 Figure 1 the AT89C51 pins allotment (2) interrupt introduction AT89C51 has six interrupt sources: two external interrup

18、tion, (and), three timer interrupt (timer 0, 1, 2) and a serial interrupts. Each interrupt source can be passed buy bits or remove IE the relevant special register interrupt allow control bit respectively make effective or invalid interrupt source. IE also includes an interrupt allow total control b

19、it EA, it can be a ban all interrupts. IE. Six is not available. For AT89C51, IE. 5 bits are also not be used. User software should not give these bits write 1. They AT89 series for new product reserved. Timer 2 can be TF2 and the T2CON registers EXF2 or logical triggered. Program into an interrupt service, the sign bit can be improved by hardware qing 0. In fact, the interrupt service routine must determine whether TF2 or EXF2 activation disruption, the sign bit must also by software qing 0. Timer 0 and 1 mark