采矿外文翻译--地下工程地震危险性评估理论与实践

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1、 中文中文 2300 字字 文献出处：文献出处：KAISER P. SEISMIC HAZARD EVALUATION IN UNDERGROUND CONSTRUCTION: THEORY AND PRACTICEJ. Controlling Seismic Hazard and Sustainable Development of Deep Mines (Volume 1), 2009. SEISMIC HAZARD EVALUATION IN UNDERGROUND CONSTRUCTION： THEORY AND PRACTICE PETER KAISER Centre for Exc

2、ellence in Mining Innovation， Sudbury， Ontario， Canada The nature of Web systems is substantially different from more conventional software systems. They are developed in shorter timeframes， often act as the direct interface between multiple stakeholders， meet a more generic set of requirements， and

3、 generally serve a less specific user group. They are often developed very quickly from team. There is often considerable uncertainty on the part of the client as to their own requirements. The importance of defining the objectives of the system during the early stages of a project are generally ack

4、nowledged to be important， but access to the tools and the templates can encourage developers to build too early. Often requirements are inadequately documented. or only emerge during development， or change as development proceeds. Introduction The keynote highlights recent developments in mining-in

5、duced seismicity research and development of procedures and tools for mine operators based on experience in the Sudbury Basin， Canada. The basin hosts major copper-nickel sulphide deposits that have been minded since the early 1900 ， s. With over a century of mining， most operations are producing at

6、 greater depth where seismicity is a concern and seismic monitoring is now standard practice. Many mines and deep tunnels are plagued with strainbursts that are either triggered by seismic events or self-initiated due to stress concentrations near excavations. This topic will be covered in Part 1 for civil and mining applications. The rest of paper is divided into three parts dealing with structurally-induced seismicity and the procedures and tools developed to aid mine operators in dealing w