生物医学工程外文翻译--设计和开发以微控制器为基础的测量不同血液生化参数的微控制器化学分析仪

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1、PDF外文：http:/ 3340 字      毕业论文（设计）  外文翻译    译文题目 :全自动生化分析仪常见故障诊断、分析与维修 （ 侧 重维修）         学生姓名：              学  号：                专     业： 生物医学工程  方  向：

2、医疗器械               指导教师：                                      2008 年 12 月 24 日     11 Design and Development of Microcontroller-Based Clinical Chemistry Analyse

3、r for Measurement of Various Blood Biochemistry Parameters   S. R. Taneja, R. C. Gupta, Jagdish Kumar, K. K. Thariyan, and Sanjeev Verma,  Journal of Automated Methods & Management in Chemistry, India    Clinical chemistry analyser is a high-performance microcontroller-based

4、photometric biochemical analyser to measure various blood biochemical parameters such as blood glucose, urea, protein, bilirubin, and so forth, and also to measure and observe enzyme growth occurred while performing the other biochemical tests such as ALT (alkaline amino transferase), amylase, AST (

5、aspartate amino transferase), and so forth. These tests are of great significance in biochemistry and used for diagnostic purposes and classifying various disorders and diseases such as diabetes, liver malfunctioning, renal diseases, and so forth. An inexpensive clinical chemistry analyser developed

6、 by the authors is described in this paper. This is an open system in which any reagent kit available in the market can be used. The system is based on the principle of absorbance transmittance photometry. System design is based around 80C31 microcontroller with RAM, EPROM, and peripheral interface

7、devices. The developed system incorporates light source, an optical module, interference filters of various wave lengths, peltier device for maintaining required temperature of the mixture in flow cell, peristaltic pump for sample aspiration, graphic LCD display for displaying blood parameters, pati

8、ents test results and kinetic test graph, 40 columns mini thermal printer, and also 32-key keyboard for executing various functions. The lab tests conducted on the instrument include versatility of the analyzer, flexibility of the software, and treatment of sample. The prototype was tested and evalu

9、ated over 1000 blood samples successfully for seventeen blood parameters. Evaluation was carried out at Government Medical College and Hospital, the Department of Biochemistry. The test results were found to be comparable with other standard instruments.  1. INTRODUCTION In order to measure the

10、 progress of an enzymatic reaction and to measure the total change in the concentration of the reactant/substrate, various techniques 1 such as spectrophotometric, polarometric, amperometric, electrochemical, coulometric, polarography, radiochemical, and fluorescence are available. Instrument develo

11、ped works on the principle of absorbance transmittance photometry. It is a highperformance,microcontroller-based, photometric biochemical analyser to measure various blood biochemical parameters such as blood glucose, urea, protein, bilirubin, and so forth, and also to measure and observe enzyme gro

12、wth occurred while performing the other biochemical tests such as ALT (alkaline amino transferase), amylase, AST (aspartate amino transferase), and so forth. The biochemical tests are very important as they are associated with various disorders and diseases such as diabetes, renal diseases, liver ma

13、lfunctions,and other metabolic derangements. The quantisation of these parameters helphful in  12 classifying such diseases,and under appropriate circumstances, results are used for diagnostic purposes.In recent years, automation in clinical chemistry has progressed with a change from rigid to

14、very flexible instruments. Automation of clinical instruments has brought about a revolution in the field of medical instrumentation. It has reduced the load on clinical laboratories to a great extent by reducing the time taken in the test and minimizing the involvement of laboratory staff. Instrume

15、nt developed is classified as semiautomated analyser 2 and has advantages of precision and accuracy. These systems are used in hospitals to test various blood biochemical parameters. All primary health centres, community health centres, and district hospitals are the potential users of this machine.

16、 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1. The instrument (i) Design principle The instrument is designed using the principle of absorbance transmittance photometry. According to Lambert and Beer                                 &nbs

17、p;    Figure 1: Schematic of Lambert and Beers law.                          Figure 2: Relation between percent transmission and concentration.  law 3, when monochromatic light is passed through coloured solution, the in

18、tensity of the transmitted light decreases exponentially with the increase in concentration of the absorbing substance. The value of absorption of light energy is dependent on the number of molecules present in absorbing material and the thickness of the medium. Thus,intensity of light energy leavin

19、g the absorbing substance is used as an indication of concentration of that particular substance.As shown in Figures 1 and 2, if I0 is the intensity of incident light in coloured solution and It is the transmitted light, then according to this law    It = I0e- kct                                                            (1)