外文翻译--中美贸易摩擦+动态与理性透视

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1、Sino-US trade friction: A Dialectic Analysis of 来源： Public Relations Review 作者： Boonlert Supadhiloke Since the late 70s of the 20th century China in the early 80s began to reform and opening up policy, the rapid development of Sino-US trade； into the 21st century, Chinas accession is to inject a str

2、ong Sino-US trade of live power, Sino-US trade made significant progress. By 2006, total bilateral trade increased to a record 262.7 billion U.S. dollars. Sino-US trade large scale, rapid development, world-renowned, but also bound to be affected countries and the world economy is an important facto

3、r in economic development. Vigorous development of China-US trade, China also faces the United States and other trading partners are frequent .The great challenges of trade friction. According to statistics, from 1979 to the end of September 2006, the cumulative total of 38 countries initiated again

4、st Chinese exports from 815 anti-dumping, countervailing, safeguard measures and special safeguard measures investigation. Among them, the United States from July 1980 to China menthol anti-dumping investigations initiated by the first counting, as of 2005, the United States has accumulated since Ch

5、ina initiated 114 anti-dumping investigations, 19 from the safeguard measures, accounting for 20% of the total number involved is so far trade friction with China than any other country. Taken together, the Sino-US trade friction present the following four major Area characteristics: (A)Trade fricti

6、on involved widening the scope of Sino-US trade products trade friction in the past focused mainly on light industry, textile and other traditional industrial products, among the most prominent China-US textile trade friction. But the current Sino-US trade friction from individual products to multip

7、le industries and structural phase direction development of trade from goods to services trade, intellectual property, standards direction. U.S. anti-dumping cases in the total number of traditional industries products from the 20th century, the proportion of 80% to 88.8 %.2005, 48% over the same pe

8、riod, mechanical and electrical products, automobiles, pharmaceutical products .But the proportion rose from 5.5% to 25.4%. (B) Increasing diversification of trade friction in the form of the United States to China product exports to the U.S. antidumping investigation is still a major Sino-US trade

9、friction .Form, but has started to safeguard clause, safeguard measures, 337 and other aspects of the transfer. To 337 as an example, based on 337, the United States according to national law, realized foreign goods violation of their intellectual property right to interfere. In recent years, the Un

10、ited States have said the reports of the Chinese governments intellectual property of U.S. companies rights protection ineffective start against Chinese products have so far been more than 10 times, 337 Terms investigation. (C)Trade frictions related to the fields of finance, in recent years, with f

11、urther increase bilateral trade imbalance, the U.S. Congress and The White House has frequently shot, to seek the grounds of the United States balance of trade pressure on people RMB appreciation. First there is the 2003 so-called Schumer - Graham Act (Schumer-Graham Bill), and then again in 2006, 3

12、 Launched a more rigorous Grassley - Baucus bill (Grassley-Baucus Bill). U.S. Treasury Secretary John Snow and the last two on is also the issue of the RMB exchange rate continued to exert pressure on China force, urging the Chinese government by the United States will reform the exchange rate chang

13、e existing exchange rate system. (D) The emergence of trade friction between the two countries bilateral relations and comprehensive on the development of signs of linking between the United States should stand for all Are put on the table to discuss issues, calling on China to act to present and U.

14、S. cooperation in good faith. Graham claimed that Chinas economic issues no action will affect the future of other relations between the two countries. Display United States growing trade relations between countries and between the development of a comprehensive problem Together. Two Inevitable trad

15、e friction and has the development of Sino-US economic and trade relations cause significant negative impact, it is beyond doubt. According to the Ministry of Commerce Statistics, 1980 to 2003, subject to allegations of U.S. anti-dumping investigation Chinese products have nearly the coverage of spe

16、cies in the United States has been closed China anti-dumping investigations, 80% of the products China exports to the U.S. tax rate increase ranging from the U.S. anti-dumping duties. Sino-US trade friction .The growing, so that Chinas export manufacturers suffered huge economic losses. In addition

17、to these two countries to trade relations with the political issues linked to aggressive domineering display outside of the United States in the Sino-US trade dispute End of treatment, the United States also implemented a number of Chinese enterprises discriminatory measures, Chinese enterprises act

18、ually enjoy to the unfair treatment. If ignoring Chinas reform and opening up, especially since 1992, the socialist establishment and development of market economy results, stubbornly refused to recognize Chinese enterprises full market economy status, the abuse of non-market economic status clause；

19、 Another example is the anti-dumping investigation, obstinately to the basic Economic conditions and overall economic development is far from the country of China Home as Chinas alternative country and hung fair trade in the name of trade real protection； Another example Abuse safeguard measures low

20、-threshold characteristics of light easy to take on the special safeguard measures in China. China-US trade friction in the subject of unfair treatment remain silent is obviously not desirable. Chinas export manufacturing enterprises industry, related trade associations and other intermediary organi

21、zations, relevant governmental departments are should be given high priority, in each case be carefully studied to Chinas overall national interests, with respect for rules, fair competition, mutual cooperation .For the principle, according to the relevant legal provisions and international trade pr

22、actices, product very responding. Through bilateral negotiations or through a multilateral framework, it was reasonable force struggle for legitimate and reasonable interests. In fact, the United States in 1999 apple juice dispute, the 2002 Sino-US disputes, ball bearings, China Fight to win or part

23、 of the successful results. Three Current treatment of Sino-US trade friction problem, neither can be lightly heart, to see the seriousness of it, it may be destructive to the formation of adequate assessment and adequate pre-effective prevention mechanism. Meanwhile, more therefore essential to inc

24、rease even more valuable is the Sino-US trade friction Cleaning to maintain a receptive to a rational and calm manner, on the Sino-US trade friction to scientific dialectical analysis. Rational perspective of Sino-US trade friction, you can see Sino-US trade friction .The occurrence of rubbing and g

25、etting worse and worse with its objective necessity. First, the Sino-US trade friction is the worlds economic imbalances, the U.S. economy become increasingly prominent in the various conflicts and trade protectionism in the United States payable to the normal reflected. Overall imbalance in the cur

26、rent world economy, the States, economies and trade exchanges between the environment against the background of tightening, Sino-US trade friction is the worlds group of economic friction and dispute as part of the. Sino-US trade friction between the normal thing to do, do not be surprised. Although

27、 the United States to other countries frequently initiated anti-dumping investigations by other countries of its own investigation is also placed on file one of the main target of the European Union, Japan, Korea and other countries have no exceptions. These data clearly show that trade friction has become the world will Must face the reality of a universal. Chinas accession, in deeper surface and on a larger scale