会计专业毕业论文外文翻译----对或有事项会计处理的探讨

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1、 Contingencies accounting treatment of the discussion Abstract In recent years, developed and modern enterprise systems establishment unceasingly along with our country market economy, the enterprise faces such as the pending action, the unsettled arbitration, the bill discount, the security for loa

2、n and so on or has the item to be getting more and more. Under the market economy environment, enterprises production and operating activities can receive the numerous elements of certainty the influences, thus has produced each kind or has the item. Or has the item to take the special uncertainty i

3、tem, is the uncertainty accountants important content. Either has the item to take the special uncertainty item, along with our country socialist market economy development, either has the item to exist generally in enterprises operative activity, the information as well as operating decisions influ

4、ence is also getting bigger and bigger to financial inventory accounting, how to process, the reasonable disclosure correctly or have the item to receive the general investors and the management value more and more. This article from or had the item concept and the characteristic and so on basic con

5、tent has carried on the analysis, has analyzed either has the item disclosure form, how the enterprise to or has item accountant to process the existence the question as well as to consummate the enterprise to or has item accountant to process and so on aspects to conduct some related research and t

6、he analysis. Should strengthen from our country Government Department concerned to either has item accountant to deal with the issue the research and the enterprise finance and accounting personnel should also enhance unceasingly to or has item accountant aspects and so on question theory level of u

7、nderstanding and practice operation ability proposed some rationalization proposal. Or has the item to take one kind of latency immediate influence enterprises continually management and to develop, therefore we must treat processing earnestly. Key words: Or has the item Accountant processes the est

8、imate debt Refers to the contingencies of past transactions or events, and its results must be formed by some future events happening or not occur can decide uncertain matters. Common or have matters including: pending litigation or arbitration, debt guarantees, outstanding product quality assurance

9、 (including product safety guarantee), loss contract, the reorganization of obligation, commitments, environment pollution treatment, etc. 2.1 contingencies confirmation Usually, the contingencies produced two party or parties involved, the relationship between the obligations and power is related t

10、o the symmetrical, which means it is compulsory matters either, for the other party (or more) is rights issues. But, as uncertainty contingencies of enterprise accounting matters, the impact of uncertainties, there also is what do not accounting for the prudence principle for uncertain obligation, w

11、ant to accord with certain conditions should confirm； And for the rights of uncertainty, do not grant to confirm. According to the different degree of uncertainty, the contingencies can be divided into four kinds of cases. Confirmed 1. Recognized as liabilities or matters And the relevant obligation

12、s contingencies shall accord with the following three conditions in and is recognised as a liability, as when an estimated debts of identifying and measuring:(1)the obligation is to the enterprise bear current obligation；(2)the performance of the obligations are likely to result in an outflow of eco

13、nomic benefits from the enterprise；(3)the amount of the obligation can be measured in a reliable way. First, this obligation is to the enterprise bear current obligation for contingencies, namely the obligation is related in enterprise current conditions have obligations, the enterprise did not othe

14、r counties choice, can perform this present obligations. Citcc obligations including statutory obligations and presumed obligations. Legal obligation, refers to contract, rules and regulations, or other because the obligation generated from judicial interpretations, etc, usually namely enterprise in

15、 economic management and economic coordination, according to economic laws and regulations must fulfill responsibilities. Presumed obligation, refers to the specific actions by enterprise generated obligations. Second, perform contingencies related with the present obligations, lead to the possibili

16、ty of an outflow of economic benefits from the enterprise more than 50%, but have not yet reached the basic is the degree of uncertainty. Third, contingencies related with the current obligations to reasonably estimate. If a contingencies related obligations cannot meet the three conditions is recog

17、nised as a liability, enterprise should be recognized as a contingent liability. 2. Confirm contingencies for assets The contingencies or assets formed only in enterprise is virtually certain that the case, just received turn into real assets, thus affirm. Accordingly, to confirm the contingencies f

18、or assets is fairly high requirements. Enterprise to the provisions of the accounting system is, if for contingencies and pay the expenses necessary for the confirmation of liabilities in whole or in part by third party or other parties expected, the amount of compensation for the compensation in ba

19、sic sure can only when received, confirmed and as an asset on the balance sheet separately in the amount of compensation, the confirmed must not exceed the confirmation of the book value of the debt. 3. Confirm or assets for contingencies For all contingencies may cause by increases in assets, besid

20、es basic certain anticipated by third party or the other party compensation contingencies outside, the rest all may cause the increases in assets have been confirmed the contingencies for an enterprises or have assets. 2.2 The measurement contingencies When contingencies related with the obligation

21、of the condition is recognised as a liability symbols when it shall be recognized as an estimated debts, estimated debts shall, in accordance with the expenses necessary for the performance of the current obligation for the initial measurement of the best estimate. In addition, the enterprise liquid

22、ation of an estimated debts from a third party for the necessary expenses may also get compensation or other party. 1. The best estimate method to determine as follows The estimated debts shall, in accordance with the expenses necessary for the performance of the current obligation for the initial m

23、easurement of the best estimate. To determine the best estimate shall be respectively two kinds of circumstance processing required spending: first, there is a continuous range. And this range results are equally likely to occur, the best estimate shall be determined in accordance with the range of

24、intermediate value, namely the average amount of upper affirmatory. Second, the necessary expenses does not exist a continuous range, or even though there is a continuous range, but this range results the likelihood of the different, so, if the contingencies of individual projects, involving the most likely best estimate