测绘专业外文翻译3

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1、 1 Development of Surveying and Mapping in China during 1997-2000 Abstract From 1997 to 2000, great development has been made on surveying and mapping in China. Quite a few important projects have been completed, such as China GPS positioning network, 1:250,000 scale database, etc. In the coming yea

2、rs, the main tasks in China are: the establishment of 1:50,000 scale database, and the construction of Network for National Fundamental Geographic Information Systems. I. ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE The State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping of China (SBSM) is an administrative agency of the Chinese Gover

3、nment for surveying and mapping, which was established in 1956. SBSM has two main functions: the organization and management of the national basic surveying and mapping work； and the overall administration of the surveying and mapping profession. In the restructuring of the Chinese Government in 199

4、8, SBSM remains as one of the state bureaus, but moved from the Ministry of Construction to the Ministry of Land and Resources. The main tasks for SBSM are as follows: 1. Drawing up administrative laws and regulations in surveying and mapping, making plans for the development of the surveying and ma

5、pping cause, management policies and technical standards for the surveying and mapping profession, and supervising their implementation according to 2 law. Organizing and managing basic surveying and mapping, international and administrative boundary surveying and mapping, cadastral surveying and ma

6、pping and other national-level or significant surveying and mapping projects, scientific and technological projects in surveying and mapping. 2. Working out managing procedures for the verification of qualifications of surveying and mapping organizations, and according to law, examining and approvin

7、g Grade A qualifications of surveying and mapping organizations, managing the registration of surveying and mapping activities, examining and approving the supply of surveying and mapping results overseas, surveying and mapping activities in China conducted by foreign organizations or individuals, i

8、nvestigating and prosecuting national-level or serious illegal cases in surveying and mapping and being responsible for the reconsideration of relevant proceedings. Prepared by YI Shubai and BAI Bo, State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping, 9 Sanlihe Road, Beijing 100830 3. Managing national fundamenta

9、l geographic information and data, organizing and guiding the social service of the fundamental geographic information； managing national surveying and mapping datum and surveying control systems； drafting standard sample maps defining the international boundaries of the Peoples Republic of China in

10、 cooperation with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs； examining and issuing important geographic information and data upon authorization； guiding and supervising the management of various surveying and mapping results and the protection of surveying markers nationwide. 3 4. Formulating plans and techni

11、cal standards for cadastral surveying and mapping, administering the verification of cadastral surveying and qualifications, and certifying cadastral surveying and mapping results. 5. According to law, administering the compilation of maps, examining maps to be published or presented to the public,

12、administering the presentation of geographic names on maps. 6. Supervising and managing the national surveying and mapping budget and other earmarked funds. 7. Organizing international cooperation and exchanges. 8. Undertaking other missions assigned by the State Council and the Ministry of Land and

13、 Natural Resources. In each of the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, there is a branch, either a provincial bureau or a regional office. In most of the cities and prefectures, surveying and mapping administrative offices have been established. The surveying and mapping units in China

14、 are distributed in over 30 ministries and state bureaus with total 260,000 surveyors. They may be divided into three parts: the SBSM system； the military surveying and mapping system； and the professional surveying and mapping system. According to the statistics in 1998, there are over 5700 surveying and mapping units in China, which are legally qualified for mapping work, including 400 Grade-A units, 1000 Grade-B units, 2100 Grade-C units, and 2200 Grade-D units. II. LEGISLATION AND REGULATIONS The Surveying and Mapping Law of the Peoples Republic of China