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1、 The single chip computer abbreviation Microcontroller is typical of embedded Microcontroller controller (Microcontroller Unit), common English letters is the abbreviation of MCU said Microcontroller, it was first used in industrial control field. SCM by chip inside only CPU dedicated processor. The
2、 earliest design concept is through the huge amounts of peripheral and CPU integration in a chip, make the computer system smaller, more easy to integrate into the complex and to volume demanding control equipment of. Intel-based Z80 is the earliest designed according to this kind of thought the pro
3、cessor, henceforth, SCM and dedicated processor development parted. Early microcontroller is 8 bits or 4 digit. One of the most successful intel-based 8031 is simple, reliable performance, because good got a lot of praise. Then in the microcomputer 8031 developed MCS51 series microcontroller systems
4、. Based on this system of SCM system have until now in widespread use. With the improvement of industrial control area requirement, begin to emerge 16-bit single chip, but because the price is not ideal did not get very widely. After the 1990s with consumer electronic products development, microcont
5、roller technology has been a tremendous increase. As the INTEL i960 series especially later ARM series widely, 32-bit SCM rapidly replacing 16-bit single chip of high-end status, and into the mainstream market. While the traditional 8 bit micro-controller performance also obtained the rapid increase
6、, processing power than 1980s raised hundreds times. At present, high-end 32-bit SCM frequency has exceeded 300MHz, performance straight after the middle of 90s of dedicated processor, whereas normal type ex-factory price dropped to $1, the highest-profile 1 type was only ten dollars. Contemporary S
7、CM system no longer only in LuoJi environment, development and use of special embedded operating system is widely used in the whole range of single-chip microcomputer. While in as a handheld computers and mobile phones key processing of high-end microcontroller even can directly use the special Wind
8、ows and Linux operating system. Single-chip processor more than dedicated suitable for use with embedded system, so it has gained the most applications. In fact microcontroller is the world largest number of the computer. Modern human life that are used in almost every pieces of electronic and mecha
9、nical products will be integrated have microcontroller. Mobile, telephone, calculator, home appliances, electronic toys, PDA and mouse and so on computer accessories are equipped with 1-2 department microcontroller. The PCS in also will affect many microcomputer in the work. Cars equipped with more
10、than 40 department general single-chip microcomputer, complex industrial control system even there may be hundreds microcomputer in working at the same time! The number of MCU is not only far more than PCS and other calculation combined, and even more than the number of human beings. SCM is also cal
11、led monolithic micro controller, it is not complete a logic function chips, but it is a computer system integration to a chip. The computer equivalent of a micro computer, and compared, microcontroller lack only the I/O devices. General speaking: a chip became a computer. Its compact size, light qua
12、lity, cheap, for learning, application and development provides the convenience. Meanwhile, learning to use a single chip computer is knowledge of computer principle and structure of the best choice. SCM internal also use and computer functions similar module, such as CPU, memory, parallel bus and h
13、ard disk storage device functions are the same, the difference is its relative performance all these parts of our home computer weak, but the price is much lower, usually less than 10 yuan can. Use it to do some control electric appliance category is not very complicated work is sufficient. We use n
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