外文翻译--NCAP评估标准及限定标准

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1、附 录 英文原文 Evaluation standards and limit standard NCAP This protocol has been developed jointly by TRL and Vehicle Safety Consultants Ltd., under contract to the UK Department of the Environment Transport and the Regions and International Testing respectively. The EuroNCAPprogramme is designed to pro

2、vide a fair, meaningful and objective assessment of the impact performance of cars. It is intended to inform consumers, so providing an incentive to manufacturers as well as giving credit to those who excel at occupant or pedestrian protection. The tests used are based on those developed for legisla

3、tion by the European Enhanced Vehicle safety Committee (EEVC), for frontal and side impact protection of car occupants and for the protection of pedestrians hit by the front of cars. No stylised test procedure fully reflects the protection provided by a car in the wide variety of accidents which occ

4、ur on the roads. However, cars that perform well in these tests should provide better protection in accidents than cars which perform less well. No anthropometric dummies are available which can measure all the potential risks of injury to humans or assess protection for different sizes of occupant

5、in different seating positions. To compensate for this, the assessment procedure takes account of other information related to occupant kinematics, interior contact points and vehicle structure. Economic constraints prevent the tests from being repeated, so to take account of vehicle and test variat

6、ions takes account of actions have been taken: Manufacturers have been asked to compare the results from these tests with those from tests they may have conducted and to draw our attention to any anomalies they may find. They have also been requested to supply data from their own tests to us for com

7、parison. Several manufacturers have supplied data for this purpose. Apart from considering the effects of test variation and identifying anomalies, no account of such data is taken in rating the cars and it is kept confidential. The overall assessments are based on the combination of multiple result

8、s. Variations in any one of these will only have a limited effect on the overall rating. The least demanding performance boundaries for the frontal and side impact parameters have been set to be equivalent to the limits proposed in the EEVC test procedures. The EEVC limits were set to provide a basi

9、c minimum level of protection and only protect in a moderate proportion of accidents. For car occupants, these limits are too lenient to adequately identify best practice in current production cars and to provide a goal for further improvement. Additional, more demanding, protection boundaries have

10、been set, to identify aspects of a cars performance which offer significantly greater protection. Most parts of most cars fare relatively badly in the pedestrian impact tests. With so few examples where the proposed EEVC limits are met, the need for a less demanding lower level limit has been recogn

11、ised. This will separate those cars which more nearly reach the EEVC limit from those well away from it. The starting point for the assessment is the dummy response data. Initially, each body area is given a rating based on the measured dummy parameters. For frontal impact, consideration is given to

12、 whether this assessment should be adjusted to reflect occupant kinematics or sensitivity to small changes in contact location, which might influence the protection of different sized occupants in different seating positions. The assessment also considers the structural performance of the car by tak

13、ing account of such aspects as steering wheel displacement, pedal movement, footwell distortion and displacement of the A pillar.The adjustments based on both inspection and geometrical considerations are applied to the body area assessments to which they are most relevant. These adjustments are conservative but they should be sufficient to warrant consideration by manufacturers. The adjusted rating for the different body regions is presented, in a visual format of coloured segments within a human body outline. This is presented for the driver