计算机外文翻译78

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1、外文原文 11 Processes and Signals Processes and signals form a fundamental part of the Linux operating environment. They control almost all activities performed by Linux and all other UNIX-like computer systems. An understanding of how Linux and UNIX manage processes will hold any systems programmer, ap

2、plications programmer, or system administrator in good stead. In this chapter, well look at how processes are handled in the Linux environment and how to find out exactly what the computer is doing at any given time. Well also see how to start and stop other processes from within our own programs, h

3、ow to make processes send and receive messages, and how to avoid zombies. In particular, well learn about Process structure, type, and scheduling Starting new processes in different ways Parent, child, and zombie processes What signals are and how to use them What Is a Process? The Single UNIX Speci

4、fication, Version 2 (UNIX98) and its predecessor Version 1 (UNIX95), defines a process as an address space with one or more threads. We will look at threads in Chapter 12.For now, we will regard a process as just a program that is running. A multitasking operating system such as Linux lets many programs run at once. Each instance of a running program constitutes a process. This is especially evident with a windowing system such as the X Window System (often simply called X).Like Windows, X