钢筋混凝土坡屋顶的结构设计外文翻译

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1、 本科毕业设计 外文文献及译文 文献、资料题目： Structural Design of Reinforced Concrete Sloping Roof 文献、资料来源： 网络 文献、资料发表（出版）日期： 2007.1 院 （部）： xxx 专 业： xxx 班 级： xxx 姓 名： xxx 学 号： 2007011287 指导教师： xxx 翻译日期： xxx 外文文献： Structural Design of Reinforced Concrete Sloping Roof Abstract: This paper point out common mistakes and pr

2、oblems in actual engineering design according immediately poured reinforced concrete sloping roof especially common residential structure.It brings out layout and design concept use folded plate and arch shell structure in order to reduction or elimination beam and column Layout to reduce costs and

3、expand use function for user of garret . The paper also discussed the need to open the roof holes, windows, and with other design with complex forms . The corresponding simple approximate calculation method and the structure treatment also described in this paper. Keywords : sloping roof；folded plat

4、e； along plane load；vertical plane load 1. Introduction In recent years, reinforced concrete slope of the roof has been very common seen, the correct method of its design need establish urgently Its target is to abolish or reduce the roof beams and columns, to obtain big room and make the roof plate

5、 clean . This not only benefits tructure specialty itself but also to the design of the building professionals to develop new field, and ultimately to allow users, property developers benefited,and so it has far-reaching significance. In the common practice engineering practice, a designer in the ca

6、lculation of the mechanical model often referred sloping roof as vertical sloping roof under the projection plane Beam, or take level ridge, ramps ridge contour as a framework and increase unnecessary beam and tilt column . In fact ,the stress is similar between General square planar housing, double

7、 slope, multi-slope roof and arch, shell.Ping and oblique ridge are folded plate like “A”, whether layout beams and columns, its ridge line of the deformation pattern is different from the framework fundamentally. All these method will make the difference between calculation results and real interna

8、l structure force. During the construction process, housing backbone, plate bias department template has complex shapes, multi-angle bars overlap, installation and casting is very difficult. These projects are common in construction and is a typical superfluous. Some scholars use the elastic shell t

9、heory to analyze folded plate roof、 internal force and deformation, reveals the vertical loads law of surrounding the base is neither level rise nor the vertical displacement which to some extent reflects the humps and shells features .But assume that boundary conditions which is very different from

10、 general engineering actual situation and covered the eaves of a vertical cross-settlement and bottom edge under the fundamental characteristics of rally, so it is not for general engineering design . 2. Outlines of Methods For most frequently span, the way to cancel the backbone of housing, didnt a

11、dd axillary often. But in the periphery under the eaves to the framework need established grid-beam or beams over windows. For long rectangular planar multi-room, multi-column, building professionals in a horizontal layout of the partition wall between each pair of columns and the direction set deep

12、 into the same thickness width have possession of a gathering of the rafah beam profiles . Pull beam above has a two-slope roof plate affixed sloping beams expect smaller span. For residential, if it has no needs according construction professional, we will be able to achieve within the household no

13、 ceiling beams exposed, see figure 1. Similar lattice theory, this approach emphasizes the use of axial force component effect, But is different with the truss because its load distribution along the bar not only single but also along the axis of the plate. Generally each plate has force characteris

14、tics of folded plate, for bear gravity at the roof, wind, earthquake loads, caused the plate along with the internal force components, each plate is equivalent to strengthen the thin flange beams .Among vertical bearing , it is thin-walled beams anti-edge horizontal component to balance Wang thrust

15、formed by arch shell effect. When plates bear the the vertical component load, each plate is equivalent to a solid edge embedded multilateral bearing plates .The design feature of this method is establish and perfect the sloping roof of the arch, folded plate system Consciously, at top of the roof,

16、using a minimal level of rafah balance beam ramp at the level of thrust.Its calculation methods can be divided into hand algorithm and computer paper, this paper focus on the hand algorithm.Hand algorithm take the single-slope plate of sloping roof plate as slider , through approximate overall analy

17、sis, Simplified boundary conditions of determine plate,solving load effect along level and vertical plane, Internal forces of various linear superposition under the condition of assumption of normal straight, testing stability and integrated reinforcement. The method pursuit of operational, use general engineer familiar calculation steps to address more complex issues.