水利外文翻译---水利水电工程施工的布置方案设计

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1、长春工程学院毕业设计 英文原文： Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Construction Design Layout Key words construction layout Fuzzy multiple attribute decision making Water Resources and Hydropower Construction Abstract Analysis of affecting factors of the construction layout program characteristics that peo

2、ple value in identifying these indicators fuzzy constraints are difficult to give exact values, while decision-making process has been one of psychological, subjective will and the work experience and other aspects influence decision-making process and therefore there is certainly ambiguity. 1, Wate

3、r Resources and Hydropower Engineering Construction Layout Factors Construction advantages and disadvantages of the general layout scheme, involving many factors, from different angles to evaluate the evaluation factors generally have two categories, qualitative factors, and quantitative factors of

4、a class. Qualitative factors are mainly: 1. Favorable production, easy to administer, facilitate the degree of life； 2. During the construction process, the degree of co-ordination； 3. The principal impact of construction and operation； 4. Meet the security, fire, flood prevention, environmental pro

5、tection requirements； 5. Temporary Works and the combination of permanent works and so on. Indicators are mainly quantitative factors； 1. Site preparation earthwork quantity and cost； 2. The extent of use of earth excavation； 3. Temporary works of construction work quantity and cost； 4. Workload and

6、 a variety of materials, transport costs； 5. Size and cost of land acquisition； 6. Made to the area to field, the recovery or recycling construction fees. As the construction is construction planning layout content, is that people under work experience, combined with engineering data on the occurren

7、ce of a future prediction about. Therefore, both qualitative factors, and the quantitative factors, there is uncertainty. We know that the uncertainty of two different forms； one is uncertain whether the incident occurred in 11 random, the event itself the state of uncertainty 11 ambiguity. Randomne

8、ss is an external cause in general uncertain, but ambiguity is an inherent uncertainty of the structure. From the information point of view, the 长春工程学院毕业设计 randomness involves only the amount of information, while the ambiguity is related to the meaning of information. We can say that ambiguity is m

9、ore profound than the randomness, the uncertainty more generally, especially in the subjective understanding of areas of role ambiguity is much more important than the role of randomness. Random people for a lot of research has been carried out, achieved fruitful results； while ambiguity was ongoing

10、 and in-depth knowledge and research in the. All people involved in the system, carried out by people planning, feasibility studies, evaluation of decision-making, design and management, and therefore, can not ignore the objective world of things in the human brain, one by one to reflect the uncerta

11、inty of ambiguity, it is an objective difference intermediate division caused by the transition of a kind of uncertainty. Construction Layout Design is no exception, in the arrangement of construction there are a large number of objective fuzzy factors. For example, the construction of facilities, c

12、oordination between the levels of good and general is an accurate value can not be described. Therefore, the arrangement can not ignore or avoid the construction of the fuzziness existing in the process, but should be objective and deal with ambiguity of this objective, understand the rules for peop

13、le planning, demonstration, evaluation and decision, design and management to provide a scientific basis and methods. As the construction layout of the content involved in more programs fuzzy factors exist, the traditional construction arrangement he considered the existence of ambiguity, but in dec

14、ision-making process has fuzzy information precision, not a real fuzzy optimization. Therefore, the program should focus on optimization of fuzzy factors into account, the ambiguity should be reflected in the decision-making on the index, index weights. For quantitative indicators, mainly the amount

15、 and cost of the project issues, its value can be found in engineering materials and design documents to determine by calculation, the results are the values of the parameters and experience. As every engineers understanding of things is not the same experience in a certain range of parameter change

16、s, the results also in a certain range. For qualitative indicators, according to experts, engineering experience, through expert scoring method, set the value of statistics to determine. Such subjective factors, the knowledge structure and decision-making preferences play a major role. But in practi

17、ce, due to the complexity of objective things and the peoples thinking on the use of fuzzy concept, to describe with precision the number becomes very difficult, but with some, left 长春工程学院毕业设计 and the like get fuzzy concept to describe the more reasonable. Determine the weights of evaluation indexes

18、, there are many mathematical ways to determine the accurate calculation. We know, for different projects, in the same factors, their importance is not the same, then the mathematical model is difficult to fully reflect the actual situation, the help of experts in engineering experience must be judg

19、ed. Since the existence of the above ambiguity, avoid or ignore the ambiguity is unscientific, incomplete. Previous index value that decision-making, decision weights for programs for determining the value of the preferred method, there is bound to sidedness and limitations. As technology develops,

20、people are increasingly demanding of precision, the object of study become more complicated, as complicated to some degree after the meaning of the precise cognitive declines and the appropriate fuzzy but accurate. Here, the introduction of fuzzy mathematical tools, the use of modern fuzzy multiple

21、attribute decision making theory, Fuzzy multiple attribute decision making model, can exist for people to consider the ambiguity of the objective, to provide strong support for rational decision-making. 2, Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Construction Design Layout Construction Layout as a

22、 focus of the system around the concrete layout of the temporary structures. There are 1. All kinds of storage, stockpile and Spoil； 2. Mechanical repair system； 3. Metal structure, mechanical and electrical equipment and construction equipment installed base； 4. Wind, water and electricity supply s

23、ystems； 5. Other construction plant, such as steel processing, wood processing, prefabricated factory； 6. Office and living space, such as offices, laboratories, dormitories, hospitals, schools, etc.； 7. Fire safety facilities and other, such as fire stations, guard, and security cordon so. At this

24、time, various types of temporary structures should be put forward, the construction of facilities furnished a list of partial pressure, their area, building area and volume of construction and installation； on fertilization with an estimate of land acquisition, land area and the proposed land use pl

25、an, the study to reclaiming land in the use of the measures, site preparation earthwork volume calculations, the integrated cut and fill balance of the proposed excavation of the use of effective planning. Construction of facilities in order to avoid conflict between the layouts, construction of facilities in the analysis of adjacency relations, is to analyze the relationship between the construction of facilities, strength of correlation and