1、- I - 题目：铁路路基病害综合整治与防护 摘 要 路基是条带状结构工程，沿线经过的地质条件差别较大，填料也不均匀，而不少地 区都存在膨胀土、红黏土、软岩风化残积土等各种工程性质不良的土，并且受到地理和 气候环境常年变化影响，加之由于技术水平、经济条件以及施工机械设备方面的原因, 我国的铁路路基设计通常采用较低的技术标准，施工质量往往要求不严，从而导致各种 铁路基床病害成为一种分布广、治理难、多发性强的病害，加之近年来随着重载及提速 列车的大量开行路基内应力水平、分布状态和作用方式显著改变由于既有铁路线路 基设计承载力偏小，在列车提速后荷载引起的动应力之下，导致各种病害的产生，或使 已存在的
2、病害更加严重而严重影响着列车的安全运行。所以了解病害的类型及其发生机 理，并对其进行实用的检测,对路基的防护和治理是非常重要。 Embankment is banded structure engineering, geological conditions along through the difference is bigger, packing is not uniform, and in some areas there are swelling soil and red clay, soft rock weathering residual soil, etc. Various k
3、inds of engineering properties of the soil, and bad by geography and climate changes throughout the year, and because of the level of technology and economic conditions and II construction machinery equipment reasons, Chinas railway subgrade design usually adopt low technical standard, the construct
4、ion quality are demanding lax, leading to various railway bed diseases become a wide distribution, management difficult, multiple strong disease, and in recent years, with heavy duty and the speed of train operation. Subgrade internal stress level and distribution status and role of a significant ch
5、ange way. Because both the railway subgrade bearing capacity design small, train speed in the load caused by the dynamic stress under, lead to a variety of diseases, or the production of existing disease is more serious and serious influence the safe operation of the train. So to understand the type
6、 of disease and its occurrence mechanism, and carries on the practical testing, the roadbed protection and management is very important. 关键词：关键词：铁路路基铁路路基；病害综合整治病害综合整治；防护防护 3 目 录 摘 要 I 引 言 5 1. 铁路路基病害类型 6 1.1 铁路路基病害类型及原因分析 4 1.1.1 翻浆冒泥 4 1.1.2 路基下沉 4 1.1.3 挤出变形 4 1.1.4 边坡坍方 4 1.1.5 边坡冲刷 5 1.1.6 陷穴 5 1.1.7 滑坡 5 1.1.8 水浸路基 5 1.1.9 冻害 5 1.1.10 砂害 . 5 1.2 铁路路基病害产生的机理 5 1.3 铁路路基的病害检测 6 1.4 病害的预防与整治 7 1.4.1 病害的预防 7 1.4.2 铁路路基病害类型 8 4 1.4.3 路基滑坡的防治 8 1.4.4 养护维修要点 9 1.4.5 路基崩塌落石的防治 9 1.5 铁路路基
