1、中文 2275 字， 1556 单词 原文 The Technological Innovation Is a Key Factor of Improving the Competitiveness of the Chinas Export Product Material Source: Proceedings of 2004 International Conference on Innovation&Management Author: Pang Yantao The thesis studied the competitive power of the Chinese product
2、by a combined utilization of quantitative and qualitative methods on the base of analyzing the relation of the scientific and technical progress and competitive power of Chinese product is low content of the science and technology. The author raised the way of increasing the competitive power of Chi
3、nese product on the international market. 1. Technological innovation impact on competitiveness of the products. It has already become compatriots common understanding that science and technology is the primary productive force. The programmed during the States Tenth Five-Year Plan Period of our cou
4、ntry regards scientific and technological progress and reform and opening-up as the motive force of economic and social development of our country. At the beginning of a New Millennium, the central authorities held the conference of the national award for science and technology again, which indicate
5、d that our government pays close attention to the important function of scientific and technical innovation on economic construction and overall national strength. With Chineses economy integrating with the international economy overall, this will offer a more open market environment for enterprises
6、 of our country, more chances are exposed to the international market, contact the overseas enterprises, seek survival with the competition of the overseas enterprises, seek development in the competition. Meanwhile, Chinese products can face severe pressure and challenge too, because lose some tari
7、ffs and non-tariff umbrellas, a large number of foreign products enter the domestic market. The non-maturity industry in China has not competitiveness and is assaulted greatly, such as telecommunication, computer, network, medicine, automobile, finance etc. labor-intensive industries, such as textil
8、e clothing, light industry, projects contracting, etc, they are comparatively ripe to develop, possess certain competition advantage, but if this kind of enterprises still along the old road that exports the low value-added products with low technical content, there is not new break-through on the m
9、anagement level of quality, and they will lose the advantages in the international competition too. So, rely on the scientific and technological innovation to improve the competitiveness of products must become the strategic choice of sustainable Chinas economy development. The international competi
10、tiveness of export product is mainly determined by the relative price with trading partners, the advantage of the products and marketing advantage etc, and these all interrelate with the scientific and technical innovation in varying degrees. The relative price advantage means that the exports produ
11、ct cost of a country is lower than its rivals competition. It is decided by factor endowment and service efficiency mainly besides influencing by one countrys macroscopically exchange rate policy and the service efficiency of factor endowment depends on the improvement degree of the production techn
12、ology mainly. The production technology includes the means of production and production technology directly correlated with production cost of the products, and technology correlating with factor input cost and goods operating cost, they influencing the cost of the products directly, and then influe
13、nce the product cost. So, the improvement of this kind of technology can strengthen the competitive price of the export product. The advantage of products means export product can meet consumers demand better than their trade relevant product of rival. It includes all respects that influence the use
14、ful value of the products, such as quality, performance, appearance design of the products etc. the technological innovation influences the advantage of the products and the competitive power through the improvement of old products quality and new products development. The improvement of old product
15、s quality is shown as the optimization of inherent performance, improvement of the appearance from and stability of products quality. It is the important factor of the competitive power of the non-price that it improves the export product of one country. Meanwhile, the technological innovation can d
16、evelop the new products constantly, create new growth engines and form the new export competition advantage. These are the important condition increased continually and steadily in one countrys export trade. Marketing advantage refers to the favorable environment and channel for sale by various kind
17、s of marketing before not selling, in selling and after sale. It is the important means to realize the value of the products and explore the world market. In the field of marketing, the technological innovation influences the marketing advantage of the products through the trade means, after-sale se
18、rvice, etc. The modern means of trade, convenient and swift, after-sale service put in place in time, and the fine service level, and then make things convenient for consumers and trust this product further. These must play an important role to make marketing channel unblocked and explore world mark
19、et. By the look of world commerce situation, in nearly half a century, the volume of trade of the goods of the world keeps increasing continuously, but the development trend of all kinds of products are different. The fastest-rising in trade is the office goods and telecom equipment, including infor
20、mation technology products, such as computer, machinery, telecom equipment, etc. Secondly it is automobile products, clothing, chemicals, fabrics, etc. Comparatively speaking, the clothing and fabrics belong to the labor-intensive industry, and their technological content is below technology-intensi
21、ve industries, such as automobile, machinery, traffic equipment and chemicals, etc, and the international volume of the clothing and fabrics is lower than the technology-intensive products, which is a main trend developed in world commerce. Since the 1990s, the global enterprise 500 tops in American
22、 Fortune Magazine can see clearly that traditional economy is developing, especially the information industry, taken more and more on the global billboard of 500 tops of enterprise during a few years. These have fully reflected the orbit of global economic development, and have fully proved that tec
23、hnology has already become the decisive factor which has influenced the competitiveness of the products. 2. The important reason of low competitiveness of our products is that the technological contents are low It is seen from the above, labor-intensive products have already lost their competition a
24、dvantage progressively, and the competition advantage of the technology-intensive products has not taken shape yet. This proves that engineering level of the export commodities of our country and added value is lower. For a long time, the contribution degree of technological progress in the economic
25、 growth of our country is obviously on the low level. One of the outstanding behaviors is that the products competitiveness of foreign trade is low. Since the eighties of the 20th century, the contribution rate of technological progress has already been up to 60%-80% in the economic growth of develo
26、ped countries, and China is only 46%. In the foreign trade products in our country, regard representing the electronic products of high technology, high added value manufactured goods as the example, accounts for about 35% of all export in recent years, which is not merely lower than the developed c
27、ountry by 47%, and differs greatly with average level 42% in the world. The present western economists nearly think unanimously, the motive force of urging the foreign trade to increase is the technological innovation, and the governments of the developed countries are along the thought of “the tech
28、nological progress promotes the foreign trade to increase invariably then strengthen the overall national strength” going on. So we must put the technical innovation on the important position and promote the competitiveness of the products to improve rapidly. Looking on the primary product and manuf
29、actured goods trade situation, according to materials of “Chinas Foreign Trade yearbook” in recent years, the international competitiveness of the primary product trends towards the decline in the export commodities of our country, and turn from comparative advantage into the comparative inferior po
30、sition, and the international competitiveness of the manufactured goods trends towards rising, but only have a low comparative advantage. This proves that comparative advantage of the primary products of our country is being lost, but the comparative advantage of the manufactured goods is still not
31、obvious. And then it proves that the scientific and technical role of export product in our country is very weak. 3. Give full play to the scientific and technical role in inherent key element of the Products, and improve the scientific and technological content of the products The key improving the
32、 market competitiveness of the Chinese products lies in inherent elements, such as product quality, function, price, etc. According to preceding paragraphs, these inherent key elements influence the competitiveness by various kinds of the improvement of science, the rising of production efficiency,
33、reducing of the operating cost of the production technology, etc. So, the improvement of the competitiveness of the products depends on the technological innovation after all. First, utilize new and high technology transform traditional goods, for instance textile, clothing, handicrafts, etc. We can
34、 improve the production technology and the technological content of the traditional goods, meet the products demand that people are improving day by day constantly. We also should make great efforts to create the famous brand in the world, strengthen the market competitiveness of the traditional goo
35、ds. Second, according to the principle of doing what is appropriate and discarding what is inappropriate, in the technological field of the advantage of China, for instance the information, electron, biological medicine, new material, etc, we can adopt the support policy, foster a batch of the high-tech export product which have international competitiveness strongly, the high added value and large in scale, finally capture the commanding point of international market with world-class technology and products.
