1、 毕业设计外文资料翻译 题 目 LHC 土建著作中的 CERN 在 大型工程项目中的作用 学 院 土木建筑学院 专 业 土木工程 班 级 土木 0601 学 生 刘勇 学 号 20060605082 指导教师 林 明 强 二一 年 三 月 二十九 日 济南大学毕业 设计 资料翻译 - 2 - THE ROLE OF CERN IN THE LARGE CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS FOR LHC CIVIL WORKS Pedro dAa Castel-Branco ST Division Civil Engineering Group (ST/CE) CERN, Geneva
2、, Switzerland Abstract： The contracts for the civil engineering construction of the LHC are basedupon the standard FIDIC (Fdration Internationale des IngnieursConseils) document entitled Conditions of Contract for Works of Civil Engineering Construction. FIDIC is a reputable supra-national and world
3、wide Federation of Consulting Engineers focused on the definition andregulation of the role of many parties involved with the International Construction Industry. An overview of FIDICs and other Organizations,such as the World Bank, standard documents is presented. The difference between standard Co
4、ntract documents and standard Bidding documents ispointed out. In view of CERNs status as an intergovernmental Organization, the original FIDIC standard documents needed to be adapted.The modifications are identified and explained. A concise definition of therole of each party concerned by the LHC c
5、onstruction Contracts, i.e. theContractor, the Engineer and the Client (CERN), is made. Finally, a brief cost-benefit analysis on this particularly contract drafting exercise is presented along with some preliminary conclusions and an outline of foreseen difficulties with the Contract management. 1.
6、 INTRODUCTION: The civil engineering works for the LHC Project are divided into three main packages, plus one additional package for the injection tunnel TI8. Package 1 consists of all new underground and surface structures to be constructed on Swiss territory at Point 1. Identically, Package 2 cons
7、ists of all new underground and surface structures to be constructed on French territory at Point 5. Unlike packages 1 and 2, package 3 is geographically spread around the LEP and SPS rings and consists ofall underground and surface structures to be constructed that are not located at either Point 1
8、 or 5.The design and construction supervision of the new works was awarded in three separate packages, each one to a different multinational joint venture of engineering companies. For the design and construction supervision purposes, Injection Tunnel TI8 is an integral part of package 3. Package 1
9、is currently being designed by a joint venture between Electricit de France and Knight Pisold of the United Kingdom. Package 2 was awarded to a joint venture of Gibb (United Kingdom), SGI (Switzerland) and Geoconsult (Austria), and 济南大学毕业 设计 资料翻译 - 3 - package 3 to a joint venture of Brown & Root of
10、 the United Kingdom and Intecsa of Spain. Similarly, the construction contracts of the new works are to be awarded in three separate packages to different international contracting consortia as follows: Package 1 to Teerag Asdag of Austria, Baresel of Germany and Locher of Switzerland； package 2 to
11、the Spanish/Italian joint venture comprising Dragados and Seli； and package 3, excluding Injection Tunnel TI8, to the Anglo- French consortium of Taylor Woodrow, Amec and Spie Batignolles. The construction contract for Injection tunnel TI8 will be placed on the Swiss market only. 2. TYPES OF CONSTRU
12、CTION CONTRACTS: One of the critical factors for the success of the procurement and subsequent management of largeconstruction projects is the Contract strategy, i.e., the type of Contract to adopt. Knowing thatCERNs past experience in this field was not entirely successful and given CERNs character
13、istics in terms of organization and work procedures, we were able to identify several potential weaknesses in CERN that could undermine our position as Employer (client). It was obvious that this potential weakness should be removed from the Contract. The Contract is a document that defines the Scop
14、e of Services and is composed by two interdependent parts: (i) the Legal and Commercial Section, entitled the Form of Contract, and (ii) the Technical Section. The Technical Section is where the Scope of Services or the Product is fully described in terms of layout, specifications, requirements, pla
15、nning and risks. In the Form of Contract are stated the Contract management rules, the role and interfaces of each party and where is allocated the inherent Contract risk. Several types of Contracts are commonly used in the construction industry: (i) Cost-plus Contracts, which contractors are reimbu
16、rsed for the direct construction costs plus an agreed profit premium (usually a percentage of the direct construction costs)； (ii) Re-measurement Contracts, based on a Bill of Quantities and a series of unit rates； (iii) Alliance Contracts, based on performance and goals in order to make the contrac
17、tor an active and interested party in the overall success of the project, and (iv) Turn-key Contracts in which the total contract price is a lump sum. These different types of Contracts are associated with different contract risks. In a Cost-plus Contract, the employer bears almost all the Contract
18、risk. In a Re-measurement Contract, contractors assume the part of the risk associated with the organization, methods and means of the construction activity/process. In an Alliance Contract, contractors assume not only the risk associated with the Re-measurement Contracts, but also the risks attached to the failure of the projects pre-set objectives and goals. In a Turn-key Contract, the
