1、2000 英文单词， 1 万英文字符 ， 中文 3250 字 文献出处： Alam A, Ali Shah S Z. The role of press freedom in economic development: A global perspectiveJ. Journal of Media Economics, 2013, 26(1): 4-20. The Role of Press Freedom in Economic Development: A Global Perspective Abdullah Alam and Syed Zulfiqar Ali Shah In this
2、 study, the authors explore the role of press freedom in the development of an economy, both in terms of economic growth and foreign direct investment. The relationship between press freedom, foreign direct investment, and economic growth is analyzed using a balanced panel of 115 countries. The exis
3、tence of a bidirectional relationship between press freedom and economic growth is established using the generalized method of moments technique. We also find a bidirectional relationship between foreign direct investment and economic growth using the analysis. Our results are not contradicted by si
4、milar indices produced by Reporters Sans Frontires and Freedom House. INTRODUCTION A free, open, and noncaptured press not only bridges the gap between the government and its citizens (Besley, Burgess, & Prat, 2002), but also reduces corruption (Djankov, McLiesh, Nenova, & Shleifer, 2002), fights re
5、ligious extremism (Anam, 2002), induces political participation (Leeson, 2008), and augments economic growth (Roll & Talbott, 2003). An independent press is useful for the general public in the sense that it presents a “truer” or more fact-based picture of society and increases the accountability of
6、 the representatives of the public (Leeson, 2008; Sen, 1999; Stiglitz, 2002). A free press may also lessen instances of corruption (Besley & Burgess, 2000; Sen, 1984). The press also can provide the government with important feedback regarding policy, and this feedback is potentially a driving force in the growth of the economy (Roll & Talbott, 2003). As shown in Figure 1, most of the countries with relatively free media have shown positive growth, although there are some countries like Chin
