1、3300 英文单词， 17500 英文字符 ，中文 5200 字 文献出处： Boncea, Irina. Brain Drain or Circular Migration: The Case of Romanian PhysiciansJ. Procedia Economics and Finance, 2015, 32:649-656. Brain drain or circular migration: the case of Romanian physicians Irina Boncea Abstract The aim of this article is to tackle t
2、he brain drain phenomenon in the health sector in Romania, focusing on the dichotomy brain drain-brain circulation. Between 2007 and 2010, 8131 medical doctors leaved the country. However, statistics on permanent migration emphasize a not so worrying situation: in the same period of time, 1066 medic
3、al doctors changed their permanent residence. The profile of the emigrant include young medical doctors, leaving Romania at the early stage of their career. Whether they are exponents of permanent or circular migration depends on our countrys ability in offering them incentives for returning. Primar
4、y data sources and results of qualitative and quantitative studies available in the literature are used in the attempt of offering an answer to the controversial issue of Romanian physicians. Keywords: brain drain; circular migration; Romania; health sector; physicians 1. Introduction Literature on
5、brain drain evolved over the past 60 years, from the early stage of research works to the new economics of brain drain theory, from the nationalist to the internationalist approach attracting the interest of economists, sociologists or anthropologists, geographers or historians. After the 1990s, a s
6、hift in the approach occurred: the emigration of the highly-skilled is not seen as a closed process, but as a circular one, with benefits for both origin and destination countries. The concept of circular migration grew importance in a context of free movement of labor, where the highly-skilled choose to live in the country that offers the best value for their knowledge and expertise. Turning brain drain into brain circulation depends on the ability of the country of origin to attract its in
