1、3250 英文单词， 18500 英文字符 ，中文 5700 字 文献出处： Ghaderi Z , Saboori B , Khoshkam M . Does security matter in tourism demand?J. Current Issues in Tourism, 2016:1-14. Does security matter in tourism demand? Zahed Ghaderia, Behnaz Saboori and Mana Khoshkamc This paper aims to investigate the relationship betwee
2、n security and international tourist arrivals. The system Generalized Method of Moments technique is applied in two panels of 29 developed and 45 developing countries over the period 20062012. Employing social, economic and political security indexes beside other control variables, the results show
3、that the relationship among all the three sub-indexes of security and tourism is positive and signicant in developed nations while it is negative and signicant in developing countries. Keywords: tourism security; tourist demand; collective security; system GMM Introduction Tourism and security are u
4、navoidably interwoven phenomena, and security is very likely the single most important determinant of a tourist destinations allure (Boakye, 2012; Snmez & Graefe, 1998). Security fears such as terrorism, war, crime and political unrest are travel barriers and affect tourist decision-making when sele
5、cting a particular destination (Hall, Timothy, & Duval, 2004). A large volume of studies demonstrated that tourist destinations are deeply affected by perceptions of security and the management of safety, security and risk (See for example, Boakye, 2012; Hall et al., 2004; Pizam & Smith, 2000; Snmez
6、 & Graefe, 1998). Destination security concerns obviously have the capacity to affect the ow of international travellers as demonstrated by many studies undertaken in different parts of the world (Beirman, 2003; Fallon, 2004; Henderson, 2003; McKercher & Hui, 2004; Pizam & Smith, 2000; Wahab, 1996). Evidences show that substantial declines in global visitation are recorded due to the lack of safety and security in tourist destinations (Henderson, 2003; Pizam & Mansfeld, 2006). However,
