1、1900 英文单词， 10500 英文字符 ，中文 3150 字 文献出处： Sposi, Michael. Trade barriers and the relative price of tradables. Journal of International Economics 96.2 (2015): 398-411. Trade barriers and the relative price of tradables Michael Sposi Abstract In this paper I quantitatively address the role of trade barri
2、ers in explaining why prices of services relative to tradables are positively correlated with levels of development across countries. I argue that trade barriers play a crucial role in shaping the cross-country pattern of specialization across many tradable goods. I construct a multi-country, genera
3、l equilibrium model of trade and derive tractable predictions that show how specialization affects relative prices. I calibrate the model to match the patterns of prices, levels of development, and bilateral trade across 103 countries. Through counterfactuals I nd that removing trade barriers elimin
4、ates more than half of the gap in the relative price of services between rich and poor countries with only a minimal systematic effect on the absolute price of tradables. Keywords: Relative prices; Tradables ; Nontradables; Trade barriers 1. Introduction A striking feature of cross-country price dat
5、a is that the price of services relative to tradable goods correlates positively with levels of development. It is important to understand the fundamental sources of what causes differences in relative prices across countries for at least two reasons. First, relative prices lie at the heart of under
6、standing real exchange rates (see for instance Burstein et al. (2005). Second, relative prices play a crucial role in understanding income differences across countries; sectoral productivity differences across countries are often inferred from differences in relative prices (e.g., Restuccia and Urrutia, 2001; Hsieh and Klenow, 2007). Modern globalization has resulted in tighter integration in goods markets across countries. The world trade-to-GDP ratio increased from 0.14 in 1990 to 0.25 in
