1、字数：英文 3980 单词， 21223 字符；中文 7803 汉字 出处： Nguyen C V. Does parental migration really benefit left-behind children? Comparative evidence from Ethiopia, India, Peru and VietnamJ. Social Science & Medicine, 2016, 153: 230-239. 外文文献 Does parental migration really benefit left-behind children? Comparative e
2、vidence from Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam Abstract Millions of children are left behind when their parents migrate from home to another place. This study examines whether parental migration can affect health and cognitive ability of left-behind children aged at 5e8 years old in Ethiopia, India,
3、 Peru, and Vietnam. It uses data on 7725 children in the four countries collected from Young Lives surveys in 2007 and 2009. It finds that although parental migration helps families increase per capita consumption, it does not improve health and cognitive ability of children. The effect of parental
4、migration varies across different countries and different types of migration. In Ethiopia, parental migration does not have a significant effect on children. However, parental migration reduces health outcomes of children in other three countries and decreases cognitive ability test scores in India
5、and Vietnam. The negative effect on children tends to be higher for long-term parental migration than short-term parental migration. Keywords: Ethiopia; India; Peru; Vietnam; Child welfare; Child nutrition; Parental migration; Parental absence 1.Introduction An important trend associated with econom
6、ic and medical development is improvement in childrens nutrition and health. Yet, it is estimated that 23.8 percent and 7.5 percent of under-five children were still stunted and wasted in 2014, equivalent to around 159 and 50 million children, respectively (UNICEF, WHO, and World Bank, 2015). Most the malnourished children are living in developing countries in Asia and Africa. At the same time, recent concern about health of children is a rising rate of overweight and obesity. Global
