1、3300 汉字， 1800 单词， 9700 英文字符 出处： Parlakian R, Lerner C. Beyond Twinkle, Twinkle: Using Music with Infants and ToddlersJ. Yc Young Children, 2010, 65(2):14-19. 毕业 设计（论文） 外文资料 翻 译 毕业 论文题目 学 院 专 业 班 级 学 号 学生姓名 指导教师 完成 日期 1 外文资料 来源及题目 （注：含作 者、书名、杂志名或外文数据库名等，英文文章或段落标题，原文附后） Using Music with Infants and To
2、ddlers Beyond Twinkle, Twinkle R Parlakian， C Lerner R Parlakian， C Lerner Understand emotions. Singing about feelings helps babies and toddlers learn the words to describe their emotional experiences (If youre happy and you know it . . .). The fact is that music evokes feelingseven when there are n
3、o words. One recent study found that babies as young as 5 months old are able, under some conditions, to dis- criminate between happy and sad musical excerpts (Flom, Gentile, & Pick 2008). Cooperate and build relationships. Music is often a team effort, with each participant adding his sound or voic
4、e to the mix. Imagine a parade of toddlers banging instruments as they march through the child care center. Music experiences, in which children use their own voices or play instruments, are especially good choices for very young children. Because music activities typically do not require sharinga s
5、kill most toddlers are still working onthey encourage positive peer interactions and can form the basis of toddlers first friendships. Experience self-esteem, self-confidence, and self- efficacy. Babies and young toddlers develop a sense that they are smart and competent when they can make an impact
6、 on their world. Think of a babys huge toothless grin when she makes a rattle go chicka chicka or a toddlers careful attention as he taps on a xylophone to hear it chime. Share and take turns. Music very naturally encourages turn taking. Picture babies passing instruments back and forth to a teacher or toddlers taking turns with the classrooms toy drums. Caregivers may repeat the sounds a baby makes with his voice or rattle; toddlers and their tea
