1、中文 1630 字， 900 单词， 5400 英文字符 出处： Huang W J, Norman W C, Hallo J C, et al. Serendipity and Independent TravelJ. Tourism Recreation Research, 2015, 39(2):169-183. 原文 Serendipity and Independent Travel Huang W J, Norman W C, Hallo J C, et al Introduction Within tourism research, numerous typologies hav
2、e emerged to classify tourists according to their travel behaviour, preference, and experiences (Uriely 2005). One fundamental distinction is the difference between tour groups and independent travellers (Madriga11995). In the past, joining package tours generally require less individual preparation
3、, while independent travellers must engage in some level of planning and information search prior to their journey. The growing popularity of smartphones and mobile navigation devices, however, has increased the potential of personalized travel (Tumas and Ricci 2009).Independent travellers are now f
4、ree to wander off and explore the destination with minimal planning and more spontaneity. The independent travel market can be further segmented into different groups, such as backpackers (e.g., Larsen 2011; OReilly 2006), bicycle tourism (e.g., Lamont 2009; Ritchie 1998), and self-drive tourism (e.
5、g., Lane and Waitt 2007; Prideaux and Carson 2003). In addition to their choice of transportation and accommodation, independent travellers may also differ in the amount of structure and planning in their trips. While some like to check reviews and make reservations beforehand, others may prefer to
6、discover hidden local gems and be surprised. This study is the first attempt to examine the concept of serendipity as a travel style. The measurement for this new pattern of travel was developed based on the different activity styles of independent pleasure travellers by McKercher et al. (2006). Although it is labeled asstyle ofindependent travel (SIT) with two dimensions: structure and serendipity, travel style is a broad concept consisting of ones travel budget, choice of transpor
