1、本文是中英对照毕业设计论文外文文献翻译， 下载后无需调整复杂的格式直接可 用！一辈子也就一次的事！ 文献引用作者出处信息:M. Reza Mehregan, Mahnaz Hosseinzadeh, Aliyeh Kazemi Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 41 (2020) 426 433(如觉得年份太老，可改为近 2 年，毕竟很多毕业生都这样做) 英文 3295 单词，21598 字符(字符就是印刷符)，中文 4761 汉字。 （如果字数多 了，可自行删减，大多数学校都是要求选取外文的一部分内容进行翻译的。 ） An applicati
2、on of Soft System Methodology(SSM) Abstract The typical course timetabling problem is assigning Classes of students to appropriate faculty members, suitable classrooms and available timeslots. Hence, it involves a large number of stakeholders including students, teachers and institutional administra
3、tors. Different kinds of Hard Operational Research techniques have been employed over the years to address such problems. Due to the computational difficulties of this NP complete problem as well as the size and the complexity of the real world instances, an efficient optimal solution cannot be foun
4、d easily. As an alternative strategy, this paper investigates the application of Checklands Soft System Methodology (SSM) to the course timetabling problem. Besides giving an ideal course timetable, even to large and complex real problems, application of SSM, generates debate, learning, and understanding; enables key changes; facilitates negotiating the actions to be taken and makes possible the meaningful collaboration among concerned stakeholders. This paper also provides an appro
