1、 1 摘摘 要要 变形监测是一种监测变形体安全性的重要手段。它是通过实时获取变形 体的动态位移信息，根据这些信息预警变形体安危状况。它具有实时性、事 前性、可靠性三个基本属性。在工程建筑物的建设中，从工程开始施工到竣 工以及运营期间都要不断的对建筑物进行监测，以便及时掌握工程建筑物的 变形情况，确保工程建筑物的安全。 本文对水平位移变形监测网的建网、平差计算、稳定点的判断和临界变 形值的确定都作了一定的探讨。 对此设计了一个水平位移变形监测实验。在实验中，数据采集按二等测 边网测量精度进行，证实了用平均间隙法判断稳定点，进而确定变形模型的 合理性。 关键词关键词： 变形监测、平均间隙法、稳定性
2、、灵敏度、相似变换 2 Abstract Deformation monitoring is an important method to ensure deformation s security, which forecasts deformation s security by obtaining dynamical information of deformation in time. Its character includes timing, preceding, reliability. Deformation monitoring plays an important role
3、 in measuring works and science research of engineering deformation. Whether building or working of engineering deformation, it can ensure safe by finding dangerous in engineering deformation. This paper analyzes the researches of deformation nmonitoring in the past ten years, then puts forward seve
4、ral problems that will be studied, which include three parts：first, How to definethe reasonable stability weight of measuring point s. second, The net of free network adjustment often be changed in multi-observation. When the net of free network adjustment have been changed, how to compute displacement of deformation on the basis of keeping the same of datum. the last one, when deformation model is known, local sensitivity of deformation network can be computed. But it is difficult to f
