1、 年产年产 3 万吨醋酐精馏工段工艺设计万吨醋酐精馏工段工艺设计 摘要摘要 醋酐是国家鼓励发展的基本有机化工原料,主要用于生产醋酸纤维素,其中 二醋酸纤维素用于制造香烟过滤嘴和塑料, 三醋酸纤维素是制造高级感光胶片的 材料,还广泛用于医药,染料,农药,军工,香料,金属抛光等行业。长期以来, 我国的氯乙酸生产大都采用硫磺法,存在严重的三废污染,而且能耗较高,劳动 强度较大和产品杂质多等缺陷。醋酐法氯乙酸工艺的投产,既解决了三废污染又 大大减轻了工人的劳动强度,改善了工作环境。醋酐法生产氯乙酸的最大优点是 不含硫,弥补了硫酸法氯乙酸的最大缺陷,并可用作食品添加剂。 本文主要介绍醋酐精馏合成的各种工
2、艺方法及发展前景, 目前主要方法有乙 醛氧化法,乙烯酮法,醋酸甲酯羰基化法。在这里,主要讨论乙烯酮法的具体工 艺流程,并且对吸收塔设备的各个部件进行了设计,将此反应过程中物料和能量 进行了衡算。吸收塔设备设计的内容和步骤,塔设备的强度和稳定性计算。用 AutoCAD将化工工艺流程设计和设备设计,并对吸收塔和厂区设备布置图进行 了绘制。 关键词:醋酐;精馏;乙烯酮法;工艺设计 II Annual output of 30000tons of acetic anhydride distillation process design Abstract Acetic anhydride is the
3、country to encourage the development of basic organic chemical raw materials, mainly used for the production of cellulose acetate, of which two cellulose acetate is used in the manufacture of cigarette filter tip and plastic, three cellulose acetate is the manufacturing of advanced film material, is
4、 widely used in medicine, dyes, pesticides, military, spices, metal finishing industries.For a long time, Chinas chloroacetic acid production with sulfur method mostly, serious pollution, and high energy consumption, large labor intensity and more product impurities and other defects.Process for the production of chloroacetic acid by acetic anhydride method, not only solved the pollution and greatly reduce the labor intensity of workers, improves the working environment. The production of chlo