1、1 摘 要 拖拉机是现代化农业生产中不可替代的动力机械,在农业生产中具有广 泛的用途。拖拉机离合器的主要功用是分离发动机传来的动力,以使变速箱顺 利挂挡或换挡;柔顺地接合动力,保证车辆平稳起步;超负荷时离合器打滑以 保护零件免受损坏。 根据传递动力的方式, 离合器分为摩擦式和液力式两种,目前摩擦式应用比 较广泛。摩擦式离合器,根据从动盘的数目,可分为单片式 、双片式和多片式 3 种;根据加压方式,可分为常接合式和非常接合式两种;根据其作用原理, 还有单作用式和双作用式之分。 双作用离合器是汽车及拖拉机的部件之一,它是由安装在一起的两个不同 功能的离合器:即将动力传给驱动轮的主离合器和将动力传给
2、动力输出轴的副 离合器。 单片离合器和双片离合器的优缺点对比:单片摩擦离合器具有从动部分转 动惯量小、散热性好、结构简单、调整方便、尺寸紧凑、分离彻底等优点;而 双片和多片式离合器接合虽较平顺,但分离不彻底、从动部分转动惯量大、中 间压盘散热不良,结构复杂、成本高 。故双片离合器一般只应用在径向尺寸受 限或采用单片时摩擦转矩不够的场合。 关键词关键词 : 单片离合器 ,双片离合器 ,摩擦式离合器 ,液力式离合器 变速箱 2 Abstract Tractor is the modernization of agricultural production in the irreplaceable
3、driving force for machinery, in agricultural production with a wide range of uses. The main function of tractor clutch is the driving force came from the engine, so that the transmission of gearbox shift smoothly ; flexibility and joint force to ensure a smooth start of vehicles; overloaded when the
4、 clutch slipping to protect components from damage. According to convey the driving force, friction clutch is divided into two-and-hydraulic, a comprehensive range of friction applications. Friction clutch, according to the number-driven, can be divided into single-and double-and multi-chip three kinds; under pressure, can be divided into joint-and often very junction of the two, according to its principle role , Single-and dual-role of the sub-type role. Double-action clutch of motor vehicle