1、摘要 扩频通信是近几年来迅速发展起来的一种通信技术。在早期研究这种技术的主要目 的是为提高军事通信的保密和抗干扰性能,因此这种技术的开发和应用一直是处于保密 状态。扩频技术在军事应用上的最成功范例可以以美国和俄国的全球定位系统(GPS 和 GLONASS)为代表;在民用上 GPS 和 GLONASS 也都得到了广泛的应用,这些系统的 基础就是扩频技术。 全球定位系统(GPS)用于对全球的民用及军用飞机、舰船、人员、车辆等提供实 时导航定位服务。GPS 系统采用典型的 CDMA 体制,这种扩频调制信号具有低截获概 率特性。 该系统主要利用直接序列扩频调制技术, 采用的伪码有 C/A 码和 P(Y
2、)码两种。 本文讲述的是直接序列扩频通信技术在全球定位系统(GPS)中的应用。主要介绍 扩频通信中的伪码仿真,简要论述 M 序列和伪随机噪声码(P 码和 C/A 码)及其产生, 并使用 MATLAB7.0 仿真 M 序列、P 码和 C/A 码的编码过程和仿真结果,介绍直扩频技 术伪码的相关知识,重点介绍 P 码。 关键字:关键字:全球定位系统;直接扩频通信;伪码仿真 2 / 62 Abstract Spread spectrum communication is a communications technology developed rapidly in recent years. In
3、early studies the main purpose of this technology is to improve the military communications confidential and anti-jamming performance, therefore the development and application of this technology is always in secret state. Spread spectrum technology in the most successful military application exampl
4、es are the United States and Russia could the global positioning system (GPS and GLONASS) for representative; In civil GPS and GLONASS also have been widely used,which foundation of system is the spread spectrum technology. Global positioning system (GPS) is used to provide real-time navigation and positioning services for global civil and military aircraft, ships, personnel, vehicles and so on. GPS system adopts the typical CDMA system, which kind of spread spectrummodulation signals have low i