1、 摘 要 本设计的题目是 25000t/a 电石的工艺设计。 电石是有机合成工业的重要基本 原料，我国生产的电石主要用于生产聚氯乙烯（PVC）（约 70%），其他用于生 产醋酸乙烯、氯丁橡胶、聚乙烯醇（PVA）、石灰氮等产品。 本设计所用的原料为白灰、兰碳和电极糊，兰碳经干燥后与白灰以一定的配 比投入密闭电石炉中， 白灰和兰碳依靠电极电弧热和炉料电阻热熔化反应而生成 电石。电石生成后定时出炉，经冷却、破碎后作为成品包装。生成的一氧化碳全 部从炉顶抽出。 设计的内容包括确定工艺流程，对所选的流程进行物料衡算、设备选型和布 置以及环保、消防、职业安全卫生等内容。同时，画出工艺流程图、设备平面布 置
2、图等。 醋酸和农药等的原料。 关键词 白灰，兰碳，电石，电石炉，一氧化碳 ABSTRACT The topic of the design is 25000t/a calcium carbide process design. Calcium carbide is an important raw material of organic synthesis industry. The production of calcium carbide in China mainly use for the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) (about 70
3、%). The rest is used for the production of vinyl acetate, chloroprene rubber, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), lime nitrogen and other products. White ash, coke and electrode paste are utilized as raw materials in this design. After drying, the coke is input into the full-enclosed calcium carbide furnace wi
4、th a certain ratio of white ash. Calcium carbide generated from the reaction of white ash and cock heated by the electrode arc furnace heat and the thermal resistance. The calcium carbide is get out of the furnace timing. The products are packaging after cooled, broken. The tasks of this design include the identification of the process, the material balance, the layout and selection of the equipment and environmental protection, fire safety, occupational safety and hea
