1、 I 摘 要 随着电子科学技术的发展，电子技术成为安全方面的有力手段，许许多多安全方 面的电子产品，是人们的生活的得力助手。本设计利用单片机技术结合单片机内部自 带的 A/D 转换器构建了一个可燃气体检测报警器。当环境中可燃气体泄露时，气体报 警器检测到可燃气体浓度达到报警器设置的临界点时，可燃气体报警器就会发出声光 报警信号，以提醒工作人员采取安全措施。本文首先简要介绍了课题的研究背景和目 前的国内外的发展状况，然后介绍设计可燃气体检测报警器的设计内容及功能需求， 最后详细介绍了可燃气体检测报警器的设计流程，以及硬件系统和软件系统的设计， 并给出了硬件电路的设计细节，包括各部分电路的走向、芯
2、片的选择等。 本次设计采用 MQ-4 气体传感器作为可燃气体的信号采集工具， 采集到的模拟电压 量经过 STC90C54AD 单片机内部自带的 A/D 转换器为数字信号。 单片机采集到的数字信 号后经过单片机内部进行简单的数据处理，如果可燃气体浓度达到报警器设置的临界 点时单片机将蜂鸣器发出报警信号。在无可燃气体的情况下，发生未知的危险，报警 器可以人为的控制按键发出报警信号提醒人们。 关键词：MQ-4 传感器；STC90C54AD 单片机；数码管显示；报警 II Abstract With the development of science and technology, electron
3、ic technology has become a powerful means of security, many aspects of electronic security products, is peoples lives assistant. This design uses the internal microcontroller chip technology combined with In- ternal A/D converter built a combustible gas detection alarm. When the environment com- bus
4、tible gas leak, the gas alarm detects combustible gas concentration reaches the alarm threshold set point, combustible gas alarm will be audible and visual alarm signals to alert staff to take safety measures. This article briefly introduces the research background and the current state of developme
5、nt at home and abroad, and then describes the design of combust- ible gas detection alarm design content and functional requirements, the final details of the combustible gas detection alarm design process, as well as hardware systems and software system design, and gives the hardware design details
6、, including the trend of each part of the circuit, the chip selection and so on. The design uses MQ-4 gas sensor signal acquisition as a tool for combustible gases, the amount collected from the analog voltage comes through STC90C54AD internal microcont- roller A/D converter into a digital signal. Chip digital signal collected through internal micr- ocontroller simple data processing, if the flammable gas concentration reaches a critical point alarm settings when the microcontroller will buzze
