1、 毕业设计(论文)毕业设计(论文) 题目: 姓名: 学号: 二级院系部: 班级: 专业: 指导教师: 职称: 二 年 月 I 超声波防撞报警器的设计超声波防撞报警器的设计 【摘要】【摘要】 企业生产车间运货的行车在固定的轨道上运行,如何在两辆行车相距较近时及 时报警是本设计研究的主要内容。超声波防撞报警器利用超声波为收发媒介,在固 定轨道上的两辆行车上各装有超声波发生和接收装置,当两车相距达到 5m 时,接收 装置信号达到触发报警,提醒行车停车。 本设计以 UCMT40、UCMR40 作为超声波传感器。发射电路利用 555 振荡器使 电路振荡频率达到 40KHZ,超声波传感器发出超声波信号;接
2、收电路由超声波接收 电路、放大电路、整流滤波电路、比较电路、报警电路、电源电路等组成。当两车 运行到规定的 5m 距离内,接收到的信号经放大、整流滤波后强度较大,达到报警触 发电压,报警电路工作。 【关【关键词键词】 超声波传感器;振荡器;报警电路;比较电路 II Abstract The driving vehicles used in enterprise production workshop for shipment run on fixed track. This paper mainly introduces how to alarm in time when two drivin
3、g vehicles are too close. Ultrasonic anti-collision alarm uses ultrasonic wave as transceiver media. The two driving vehicles on fixed track are equipped respectively with ultrasonic occurrence and receiving device. When two vehicles are 5 meters away from each other, the receiving device trigger al
4、arm to remind vehicles to park. The design uses UCMT40 and UCMR40 as ultrasonic sensors. Transmitting circuit makes the oscillating frequency reach 40KHZ by using oscillator 555. The ultrasonic emission sensor works and sends ultrasonic signal. The receiving circuit is made up of ultrasonic receivin
5、g circuit,amplifying circuit,rectifier and filter circuit, comparison circuit,alarm circuit and power circuit. When the distance of two vehicles is less than 5 meters, the receiving signal has a larger intensity by amplifying, rectifier and filter to reach alarm trigger voltage, then the alarm circu
6、it works. Key words ultrasonic sensor, oscillator, alarm circuit, comparison circuit III 目 录 摘 要 I 关键词 I Abstract . II Key words II 目 录 III 绪 论 1 1设计任务及方案选定 . 2 1.1 设计任务 2 1.2 设计要求 . 2 1.3 方案选定 2 1.3.1 利用单片机作为控制器的报警电路 . 2 1.3.2 采用分立元件组成的报警电路 . 4 2. 超声波防撞报警器的设计 . 5 2.1 超声波发射电路 . 5 2.1.1 超声波传感器 5 2.1.2 超声波发射电路 6 2.2 超声波接收电路 6 2.2.1 电源电路模块 7 2.2.2 接收电路模块 9 2.2.3 报警电路模块 10 3. 安装与调