1、 I 摘 要 轧件在加热、轧制、热处理及各种精整等工序加工过程中，由于塑性变形不均、加热 和冷却不均、剪切以及运输和堆放等原因，必然产生不同程度的弯曲、瓢曲、浪形、镰弯 和歪扭的塑性变形，或内部产生残余应力，这在成为合格的产品之前，都必须采用矫正机 进行矫正加工，矫正轧件形状和消除内应力。所以，矫正机是轧制车间和精整线上必不可 少的重要设备，而且也广泛用于以轧材做坯料的各种车间。 本次设计主要通过分析矫直机机架和下辊装配的设计，从而对矫正机的结构进行了简 单的设计。设计中，通过参考现有矫正机的文献资料，确定设计的思路与方案。综合考虑 本次设计的技术要求，利用材料力学的基本知识，并采用基本的力学
2、模型进行设计计算。 同时参考轧机机架的强度计算和校核方法，对矫直机机架和工作辊进行了设计和校核。 关键词：矫正机；机架； 下辊； II Abstract Rolling in the process of heating, rolling, heat treatment and finishing processes, due to the uneven plastic deformation, heating and cooling uneven shear as well as transport and stacking, and other reasons, will inevitab
3、ly produce different degrees of bending, buckling , the plastic deformation of the wave-shaped, sickle bent and contorted, or internally generated residual stress, before becoming a qualified products must be straightening machine correction processing, correction of rolling shape and the eliminatio
4、n of internal stress. Therefore, the straightening machine is essential for rolling workshop and finishing line equipment, but also widely used in a variety of workshops to roll billets. The design by analysis of the rack of The straightening machine and the assemble of the lower roll. During the de
5、sign, I refer to the straightening machine;s existing literature to determine the design ideas and programs. Considering the technical requirements of the design, the use of basic knowledge of mechanics of materials, and basic mechanical model of the design calculations.Meanwhile,I refer to the stre
6、ngth calculation and examination of the rolling mills rack and do the design and examination of the rack of the rolling mill. Key words: The straightening machine; rack; lower roller. III 目 录 1 1 绪论绪论 V V 1.1 轧钢生产的国内外发展情况 VI 1.1.1 轧钢生产及产品种类 VI 1.1.2 轧机的分类. VI 1.2 矫直机在轧钢机中的作用和分类 . VI 1.2.1 矫直机的作用 . VI 1.2.2 矫直机的分类、工作原理及特点 . VI 1.3 辊式矫直机的工作原理 . VII 1.4 辊式矫正机的发展趋势 VIII 1.5 技术经济性分析 VIII 1.5.1 技术经济评价的涵义 . VIII 1.5.2 经济评价在工程机械中的重要性 VIII 1.5.3 课题选择 IX 1.5.4 摸清课题要求 . IX 2 2 总体方案设计总体方案设计 IXIX 2.1
