1、 摘要 数字滤波器是现代数字信号处理系统的重要组成部分之一，具有模拟滤波 器所无法替代的新特性，因此在通信、语音与图像处理、自动控制等领域有着 广泛的应用，它对于降低噪声、提高信噪比及信号的频谱纯度等方面有着重要 的意义。数字滤波器根据单位脉冲响应的不同，可分为 FIR(有限长脉冲响应) 滤波器和 IIR(无限长脉冲响应)滤波器，FIR 的优点在于具有良好的相位特性， IIR 的优点在于具有良好的幅频特性，可以根据不同的系统性能要求选择不同 的滤波器。目前滤波器的主要实现方法有三种，分别是：单片通用数字滤波器 集成电路、采用 DSP 器件和 FPGA(现场可编程门阵列)器件。本文采用 FPGA
2、 器 件来实现滤波器的设计，在实现方法上先用 MATLAB/Simulink 工具箱建立滤波 器模型，然后用 SignalCompiler 把 Simulink 的模型文件(后缀是.mdl)转化为 硬件描述语言 VHDL 文件，最后利用 QuartusII 完成滤波器的仿真、配置、编译 和下载。 本文最后用实例介绍了 FIR 数字滤波器和 IIR 数字滤波器的实现过程。 关键词：数字滤波器 通信 集成电路 DSP FPGA Abstract Digital filter is a digital signal processing system is one of the important
3、component, analog filters cannot be replaced by the new characteristic, therefore in the communication, speech and image processing, automatic control and other fields have a wide range of applications, it can reduce noise, improve the signal to noise ratio and signal spectrum purity has important s
4、ignificance. Digital filter according to unit impulse response of different, can be divided into FIR ( finite impulse response filter ) and IIR ( infinite impulse response ) filter, FIR have the advantages of good phase characteristics, IIR have the advantages of good amplitude-frequency characteris
5、tics, according to different system performance requirements of different filter. The filter main realizing methods has three kinds, respectively is: the monolithic integrated circuit, digital filter with DSP device and FPGA ( field programmable gate array ) device. This paper uses FPGA to realize f
6、ilter design, the realization method on the first MATLAB / Simulink toolbox to establish filter model, then use SignalCompiler the Simulink model file ( the suffix is . MDL ) into the VHDL hardware description language file, finally using QuartusII complete filter simulation, configure, compile and download. Finally, examples of the FIR digital filter and IIR digital filter implementation process. Keywords: digital filter communication integrated circuit DSP FPGA 目录 1 绪论 1 1 1.1 研究背景 . 1 1.2
