1、摘 要 I 摘 要 “制冷”从本质上讲就是让空气中分子运动减慢。通俗的讲就是使自然界 的某物体或某空间达到低于周围环境温度，并使之维持这个温度。利用天然冰 等自然冷源过渡到人工制冷，是制冷技术发展的初始级段。 在制冷系统中，蒸发器、冷凝器、压缩机和节流阀是制冷系统中必 不可少的四大件，这当中蒸发器是输送冷量的设备。制冷剂在其中吸收 被冷却物体的热量实现制冷。压缩机是心脏，起着吸入、压缩、输送制 冷剂蒸汽的作用。冷凝器是放出热量的设备，将蒸发器中吸收的热量连 同压缩机功所转化的热量一起传递给冷却介质带走。节流阀对制冷剂起 节流降压作用、同时控制和调节流入蒸发器中制冷剂液体的数量，并将 系统分为高
2、压侧和低压侧两大部分。 制冷系统的基本原理： 液体制冷剂在蒸发器中吸收被冷却的物体热量之后，汽化成低温低压的蒸 汽、被压缩机吸入、压缩成高压高温的蒸汽后排入冷凝器、在冷凝器中向冷却 介质(水或空气)放热，冷凝为高压液体、经节流阀节流为低压低温的制冷剂、 再次进入蒸发器吸热汽化，达到循环制冷的目的。这样，制冷剂在系统中经过 蒸发、压缩、冷凝、节流四个基本过程完成一个制冷循环。 空气调节用制冷系统中换热设备的设计，是全部系统设计之中的重要部分 和难点部分。工质类型多，设备类型多，彼此计算方法差别大。广泛应用传热 学和热力学知识。本课题借助文献提供的经验公式和 计算方法，设计相应类 型蒸发器和冷凝器
3、。同时要对系统和设备的基本原理有系统的理解，并构建制 冷系统。 关键词关键词：制冷技术；基本原理；换热设备；设计计算； Title: Air-conditioning cooling system with heat exchanger design and build systems Abstract “Refrigeration“ in essence, is to slow down air movement. Popular speakers is to make the nature of a space object or to reach a temperature lower
4、than the surrounding environment, and maintain that temperature. Use of natural ice and other natural transition to the cold source of artificial refrigeration, refrigeration technology is the development of the initial level paragraph. In the refrigeration system, evaporator, condenser, compressor
5、and the throttle valve in the refrigeration system is essential for the four pieces, which is among the evaporator cooling capacity transmission equipment. In which the refrigerant to absorb heat by cooling objects to achieve cooling. Compressor is the heart, plays an inhalation, compression, transm
6、ission of the role of refrigerant vapor. Condenser is a heat release equipment to the evaporator to absorb heat in the compressor, together with the transformation of reactive power with the transmission of heat to the cooling media away. Refrigerant from the throttle on the hypotensive effect of reducing expenditure, while the control and regulation of flows to the evaporator in the amount of liquid refrigerant and system is divided into high-pressure side and low-voltage side of two major
