1、摘 要 I 摘 要 本论文介绍了蜂窝移动通信中基站天线技术的研究进展，并对移动通信系统 及基站天线进行详细的阐述。 由于微带天线具有重量轻、低剖面、成本低、易于制造、封装和安装等许多 固有的优点，本文选用微带贴片天线作为天线单元。首先采用传输线法和腔模理 论对矩形微带天线进行分析，计算出矩形贴片的长，宽，并选择基板材料和高度。 然后针对设计指标详细讨论了各种因素对微带贴片天线性能的影响，用背馈的方 式完成了微带贴片天线单元的设计方案，从而简化馈电网络。 为了达到带宽，增益以及方向图等任务指标，需要通过组阵。考虑到天线面 积和实际应用的问题，采用 4 片等幅同相的矩形贴片构成一个 4 元直线阵列
2、，并 对线阵进行同相馈电，用 HFSS 软件对其进行优化与仿真。 最后在天线阵后面选择反射板，使天线波束往前发射，画出机械加工图,并讨 论和总结波瓣宽度的规律。 关键词关键词：移动通信 基站天线 定向天线 微带天线 阵列 ABSTRACT II Abstract The thesis introduces the current developments in the base station antenna techniques for celluar mobile communication,and expound the mobile communication system,base
3、stationantenna. Because the microstrip antenna have advantages such as light weight,thin profile and easy manufacturing,packaging and installing. Antenna cells select the traditional round microstrip patch antenna, First,rectangular microstrip antenna has been analyzed by transmission-line and modal
4、-expansion cavity models and make a compution about the length,highness,and select the material of the basis.And then,after we have discussed kinds of factors that affect the antennas characteristics ,we anufactured the microstrip antenna element successfully by back-fed,simplifying the matching network. We need to organize array for getting to achieve the indexs such as bandwidth, gain and radiation patterns.Considering the antenna area and the practial application,we organize a four ele
