1、 X52K 铣床的数控化改造 摘 要 本文提供了一种 X52k 铣床的经济型数控化改造方案,改造的主要模块有:机械 部分和数字控制电路部分。机械部分主要是对丝杠、驱动元件和减速齿轮的改造。改 造后的系统是以步进电机为驱动执行元件的开环控制系统,控制系统使系统能够控制 进给轴的转速,并实现其正反转控制工作台,实现其纵、横向进给运动,控制冷却和 润滑,以 MCS-51 型单片机为控制处理芯片,通过键盘输入加工程序控制 X52K 铣床数 控化改造后是升降台式的。使得改造后的机床能加工除了铣削键槽、平面及孔等简单 的零件外,还能加工形状复杂(如加工圆弧面、斜面及凸轮等)的零件。改造后的数 控机床具有高
2、精、高效及加工产品范围广等特点。 关键词: X52k,数控化,改造,单片机 X52kTHE TRANSFORMATION OF MILLING MACHINES ABSTRACT In this paper ,in base of our countrys eco- mimic condition and the expensive CNC, in order to extend machining scope, high accuracy , small batch, and has a good condition in excitedly complicities market .So,
3、 the memorization rebuilding of X52K is so necessary and feasible. This paper provides a way of how to implement the synchronized motion of the two axes in the X and Y plane with CNC system and an open-loop control which use stepping motors as actuators on a X52K mill,and the microcomputer is MCS-51
4、.the memorization rebuilding of X52K milling machine not only is used for machining keyway, plane and hole etc,but also, it can ma- unfitting complicated ship and the accuracy is high。 The technology of CNC has become the key and basic technology in the manufacturing industry. K KEY WORDSEY WORDS: : X52Kmill,memorization,rebuilding single,chip computer 目 录 前 言 1 第 1章 整体改造方案 3 1.1 设计方案: . 3 1.1.1 实现的目标. 3 1.1.2 机床改造的方案 . 3 1.2 机构和电气控制的改造: . 4 1.2.1 X52K 的改造要求 4 1.2.2 进给机构的改造 . 5 1.2.3 电气控制部分的改