1、 1 摘 要 石油炼厂中的第一个生产装置一般都是蒸馏装置，人们通过蒸馏将石油分割成相应的直 馏汽油、化工原料、轻柴油或重柴油馏分及其他馏分。所谓原油的一次加工，就是指原油蒸馏 而言。借助于蒸馏，我们可以将原油分割成各种半成品馏分油，也可将原油分割成一些二次重 整加工的原料。在一些二次加工的装置中，蒸馏过程也是不可缺少的组成部分。 该设计是一年处理 300 万吨的胜利原油常减压装置的设计。根据胜利原油的特点，本装 置采用三段汽化， 即初馏塔、 常压塔和减压塔。 常压塔选用浮阀塔板， 初馏塔选用单溢流型式， 常压塔选用双溢流型式。 按要求给出重要塔板上的操作条件， 并计算塔高、 塔径等水力学参数。
2、 关键词： 初馏塔，常压塔，温度, 压力 2 Abstract In the petroleum refinery first production installment all is the distilling apparatus generally. The people divide through the distillation the petroleum the corresponding straight run gasoline, the petroleum, the light diesel oil or the heavy oil fraction and other
3、fractions. A so-called crude oil processing, Speaking of is refers to the crude distillation. With the aid of in distillation, we may divide the crude oil to the half-finished product fraction oil, also may divide the crude oil to some second reforming the processing the raw material. In some second
4、 processes in fixture, the distillation process also is the essential installment. This design is a year processes three million ton the Shengli crude oil atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit technological design. According to Shengli crude oil characteristic, this fixture uses three stage of vaporization, namely primary tower, atmospheric distillation tower and vacuum distillation tower. The atmospheric distillation tower selects the float valve column tray. The primary tower selects the
