1、瀑布沟水电站地下厂房开挖方法与钻爆参数设计 摘要 本文针对大型地下厂房开挖过程中广泛采用的钻爆法施工作业，阐述了地下厂房开挖 的方法和钻爆施工的关键技术。并结合四川大渡河瀑布沟水电站地下厂房实际情况，选取 了其中两个典型开挖层主厂房顶拱层（主厂房层）和主厂房层进行了钻爆参数和 起爆网络的设计。这两个开挖层运用到了钻爆施工的各种基本方法，包括有全断面开挖爆 破、轮廓控制爆破、梯段爆破及特殊部位开挖（岩锚吊车梁岩台开挖） 。 文中详细介绍了地下厂房的各种开挖方法，施工方式、基本的分层原则，分析了影响 分层的各种因素。在地下厂房开挖时要考虑施工通道条件、厂房的结构特点、施工机械性 能、相邻洞室及相关
2、构筑物的施工需要来合理设置分层，安全经济高效的完成地下厂房施 工。 文中针对地下洞室的钻爆施工方法进行详细的介绍，并重点阐述了全断面开挖、轮廓 控制爆破开挖、深孔梯段爆破开挖、宽孔距小抵抗线微差挤压爆破的设计原则和爆破参数 的确定方法。并结合实际工程的爆破参数与爆破网路的设计，阐述地下工程爆破的施工工 艺。根据工程地质条件、开挖断面、开挖方法、掘进循环进尺、钻眼机具和爆破器材等进 行爆破设计，合理确定炮眼布置、数目、深度、角度、装药量和装药结构、起爆方法、起 爆顺序、循环作业等，以便应用工程实践。 关键词：地下厂房 爆破 参数 施工 Abstract During the paper, det
3、ailed instruction is done on every kind of excavation method, the ways of construction and the basic principles of dividing the layers. Also, analysis is made on possible factors which are likely to affect the layers arrangement. When the excavation of the underground workshop is in progress, factor
4、s such as the condition of ventilation to the outside, the characteristics of the workshop, the function of the machines used in construction, neighboring chambers and tunnels and related structures should be all taken into consideration to lead an economic and effective job which will surely guaran
5、tee the safety of the construction of the underground workshop. In this paper, with reference to diversified methods of drilling and excavation, emphasis has been laid on the part of introducing the designing principles and how to fix the parameters of the explosion on such methods as follows: all s
6、ection excavation, contour-controlled excavation, explosive excavation, deep holed excavation and the bread spacing and short shore dimension blasting Relating to the actual situation of the project, elaborations are done on the skills of the construction. Afterwards, based on the geology condition, the section of the excavation, method of excavation, the circulation range of the tunnel boring advances, the design of the drilling machines and the equipment used for explosion, the desi
