1、年产 1000t 仲钨酸铵生产车间设计 - 1 - 摘 要 本文是以白钨精矿为原料年产 1000 吨 APT(仲钨酸铵)生产车间的设计说明 书。 按照一般有色冶金生产车间设计的步骤， 文章首先介绍了 APT 生产的的现状； 结合原料特征，通过对 APT 整个工艺过程生产方法的比较，选择了 NaOH 高压浸 出分解白钨精矿离子交换法除杂和转型选择沉淀法分离钨钼蒸发结晶生 产 APT；通过对各生产工序金属平衡、物料平衡计算和设备选型，确定了各工序 所需原料的量和设备的型号、规格和数目；并进行了合理的车间配置；通过分析 生产过程中工业三废的产生和危害， 提出了三废处理的方案； 根据生产过程需要， 对
2、车间进行了劳动定员；进而对整个工艺过程进行了技术经济分析，计算结果表 明本设计所采用工艺流程技术上可行，经济上合理。 关键词 白钨精矿 NaOH 高压浸出 离子交换 APT 设计 Abstract The specification is a workshop of 1000t/y Ammonium paratungstate(APT) produced with scheelite concentrates. Following the general design steps of nonferrous metallurgy workshop, the present situation
3、of the APT production was first presented. According to the characteristics of the raw material , technological process of sodium hydroxide(NaOH) leaching at high pressureion exchangeselectively precipitation to separate Moevaporation and crystallization process was selected as the process of APT pr
4、oduction. The quantity of various materials in every process were fixed up and the corresponding equipments were designed or selected(include the type, size and number) originated from the result of calculating of the balance of metal and matter. The workshop is reasonably designed. The strategy of
5、dealing with the industrial waste was proposed following the analysis of the source and the harm of the waste. The work force was arranged according to the requirement of producing process. At last, the economic target was analyzed. All these results shows that the process of this design is reasonab
6、le and economical. Keywords: Scheelite concentrates; sodium hydroxide leaching at high pressure; ion exchange; ammonium paratungstate; design. 年产 1000t 仲钨酸铵生产车间设计 - 2 - 第一章第一章 文献综述文献综述 1.11.1 钨冶金概况钨冶金概况 自1781年由瑞典化学家舍勒发现以来，钨以其具有熔点高、硬度大、耐磨和耐腐蚀等优 良性能而得到广泛应用，在冶金机械、石油化工、航空航天和国防工程等诸多领域中有着极 其重要的地位。 在解放之前，中国的钨冶炼处于空 1 白，但新中国成立后,从20 世纪50 年代苏联援建 的黑钨精矿苏打烧结净化除杂白钨沉淀钨酸煅烧制取三氧化钨的冶炼工艺开始,我 国钨冶炼技术走上了工业化生产的道路， 并针对我国钨精矿资源的特点， 我们自主开发了 “白 钨精矿经典工艺制取仲钨酸铵”的工业项目。20 世纪80 年代以来,先进的离子交换和溶剂 萃取技术在钨冶炼生产中得到广泛应用
