1、 - I - 毕毕 业业 设设 计计 题 目： 石墨烯的光电性质 院 系： 姓 名： 指导教师： 2015 年 7 月 4 日 - II - 石墨烯的光电性质石墨烯的光电性质 摘要摘要 石墨烯是目前发现唯一存在的二维自由态原子晶体。其独特的二维结 构和优异的电学、光学、力学以及热学性能，是当前纳米材料领域的研究 热点之一。本文综述了石墨烯的制备方法，介绍了其光学、电学性能及在 光电应用中的研究进展。同时，对目前石墨烯在光电领域的发展趋势进行 了展望。 采用聚苯乙烯作为固体碳源，通过化学气相沉积法制备大面积石墨 烯。相对于传统的气态碳源，聚苯乙烯的结构本身具备键能较弱的 C-H 键。聚苯乙烯分解
2、后产生的气态含苯环活性小分子在相对较低的温度下很 容易脱氢形成活性化的碳基团。这一优异性质有助于在低温条件下催化生 长石墨烯。研究表明，聚苯乙烯的加热温度是控制石墨烯层数和质量的关 键因素。聚苯乙烯分解后得到的碳基团的浓度在整个石墨烯的化学气相生 长过程中发挥了关键性的作用。 石墨烯是一种由碳原子以 sp2 杂化轨道组成的六角型晶格单原子层二 维晶体。石墨烯有许多独特的性质，它是零带隙的半金属半导体材料，具 有超高的费米速度（光速的 1/300)、载流子迁移率（达到 200,000 cmVs“1) 和热导率(-5000 W/mK),良好的透光特性（单层石墨烯的吸收2.3%)和优异 的力学性能（
3、弹性模量和抗拉强度分别达到 l.lTPa 和 125GPa)，因此在透 明电极、晶体管、传感器、能源存储、高强度复合材料等方面存在广泛的 应用前景。 关键词关键词 石墨烯，光电性能，合成， 应用； 固态碳源，聚苯乙烯，单层 石墨烯，毫米级石墨烯晶畴，光电性能，形核控制，人工籽晶，掺杂；纳 米结构，表面增强拉曼光谱，多孔石墨烯，氧化锌，光电探测器 - III - Photoelectric Properties and Applications of Graphene Abstract Graphene is a two-dimensional atomically thick crystal
4、with carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb latticeIt is regarded as one of the most promising candidates for future nanoelectronics due to its novel two-dimensional structure and excellent electrical and optical propertiesIn this review，different methods for preparing graphene were compared，the elect
5、ric and optical properties of it were introduced，and the applications of graphene in electric and optical fields were summarized At last，problems and tendency of graphene development of electric and optical in the future were also discussed Graphene was synthesized by chemical vapor deposition using
6、 polystyrene as a solid carbon source. C-H bonds on polystyrene are relatively weak compared with the widely used gaseous carbon sources. The molecules decomposed from polystyrene could be easily dehydrogenated into activated sp2structured carbon related radicals, which were helpful for promoting the formation of graphene at low temperature. This result also indicates that the heating temperature of solid precursor is a critical factor to control
