1、 火灾报警系统设计与实现 系 别 信息工程系 专 业 测控技术与仪器 班 级 学 号 姓 名 指导教师 负责教师 2015 年 6 月 I 摘摘 要要 随着“信息时代”的到来, 作为获取信息的手段传感器技术得到了显著的进 步,其应用领域越来越广泛,对其要求越来越高,需求越来越迫切。因此,了解并掌 握各类传感器的基本结构、工作原理及特性是非常重要的。 本文利用单片机结合传感 器技术而开发设计了这一火灾报警器。 本文以 MQ-2 电阻式烟雾传感器、 温度传感器和 STC89C51RC 单片机技术为核心并 与其他电子技术相结合,设计出一种技术水平较好的烟雾报警器。其中选用 MQ-2 型 半导体可燃气
2、体敏感元件烟雾传感器实现烟雾的检测,具有灵敏度高、响应快、抗干 扰能力强等优点,而且价格低廉,使用寿命长。选用 STC89C51RC 单片机作为系统的 主控芯片,实现数据采集、数据处理、报警等功能;选用 DS18B20 实现温度采集;选 用 DS1302 时钟芯片实现计时功能,其整合了 A/D 转换器等资源,具有高速、低功耗、 超强抗干扰等优点。 本文设计的火灾报警器可实现声光报警、浓度显示、温度显示、时间显示、报警 限设置等功能。是一种结构简单、性能 稳定、使用方便、价格低廉、智能化的火灾 报警器。 关键词:烟雾,报警器,AT89C51,传感器, II Abstract with the a
3、dvent of “information times“, as a means of accessing information - sensor technology has been significant progress, its application field is more and m ore extensive, the requirement is more and more high, more and more urgent need. The sensor technology has become a national science and technology
4、 development l evel of one of the important symbols. Therefore, understanding and mastering of se nsors structure, working principle and characteristic is very important.in this paper combined the technology of sensor and microcontroller developement and design of the fire alarm. In this paper, a MQ
5、-2 type semiconductor resistor type smoke sensor,temperatur e sensor and STC89C51RC single chip as the core technology and electronic techn ology, designs a technology better smoke alarm. The selection of MQ-2 type semic onductor gas sensitive element smoke sensor smoke detection, which has high sen
6、sit ivity, simple structure, quick response, strong anti-interference ability, stable perform ance, intelligent, practical value is high, and the price is low, long service life.Chos en STC89C51RC microcontroller, DS1302 clock chip, the integration of the resourc essuch as A/D converter, has the advantages of high speed, low power consumption, strong anti-jamming. In this paper, design of fire alarm system can realize sound and light alarm di splay, temperature, concentration, time