1、 毕业设计外文文献翻译毕业设计外文文献翻译 院院 部：部： 土木工程土木工程 年级专业：年级专业： 土木工程土木工程 姓姓 名：名： 学学 号：号： 附附 件：件： Reinforced Concrete 指导老师评语：该生在毕业设计期间，严格遵守学校的纪律，团结同学，态度认真积 极；能够独立思考解决问题，查阅参考资料，具有较强的综合运用能力和使用手册水平； 毕业设计说明书质量较好。 指导教师签名： 年 月 日 1 Reinforced Concrete Abstract The construction of a reinforced concrete member involves bui
2、lding a from of m old in the shape of the member being built. The form must be strong enough to suppor t both the weight and hydrostatic pressure of the wet concrete, and any forces applied to it by workers, concrete buggies, wind, and so on. The reinforcement is placed in thi s form and held in pla
3、ce during the concreting operation. After the concrete has harde ned, the forms are removed. As the forms are removed, props of shores are installed to support the weight of the concrete until it has reached sufficient strength to support th e loads by itself Keywordsconcrete; universal; constructed
4、; buildings; cracks Concrete and reinforced concrete are used as building materials in every country. In many, including the United States and Canada, reinforced concrete is a dominant st ructural material in engineered construction. The universal nature of reinforced concre te construction stems fr
5、om the wide availability of reinforcing bars and the constituent s of concrete, gravel, sand, and cement, the relatively simple skills required in concret e construction, and the economy of reinforced concrete compared to other forms of co nstruction. Concrete and reinforced concrete are used in bri
6、dges, buildings of all sorts underground structures, water tanks, television towers, offshore oil exploration and pr oduction structures, dams, and even in ships. Reinforced concrete structures may be cast-in-place concrete, constructed in their final location, or they may be precast concrete produced in a factory and erected at th e construction site. Concrete structures may be severe and functional in design, or the shape and layout and be whimsical and artistic. Few othe
