1、I *工业（南京）有限公司生产厂房设计 摘 要 在建筑物结构设计中，框架结构常被作为一个重要且标准的型式而采用。它适用于低 层、多层建筑物，亦可用于超高层建筑物。同剪力墙结构相比，这种结构更适合在建筑物 的内部或者外围的墙体上开设规则孔洞。同时它还能充分利用建筑物内在任何情况下都要 采用的梁和柱的刚度，但当柱子与梁刚性连接时，通过框架受弯来抵抗水平和竖向荷载会 使这些柱子的承载能力变得更大。 大多情况下，框架的刚度不如剪力墙，因此对于细长的建筑物将会出现过度变形。但 正是因为其柔性，使得其与剪力墙结构相比具有更大的延性，因而地震荷载下不易发生事 故。例如，如果框架局部出现超应力时，那么其延性就
2、会允许整个结构出现倒塌事故。因 此，框架结构常被视为最好的高层抗震结构。另一方面，设计得好的剪力墙结构也不可能 倒塌。 当然，还可以在建筑结构设计中，将框架结构和剪力墙结构结合起来使用。例如，在 房屋建筑上使用框架，而在其中可以使用剪力墙。对于很多多高层建筑，如果墙体和筒架 进行合理地安排与连接，会起到很好的抵抗侧向荷载的作用。还要求由这些结构体系提供 的刚度在各个方向上应大体对称。 关键词关键词：结构设计 框架结构 钢框 Abstract 摘 要 II In the design of architectural buildings , rigid-frame systems have be
3、en accepted as an important and standard means . They are the same with low and medium buildings for designing buildings . They are employed for low- and medium up to high-rise building .Compared to shear-wall systems , these rigid frames both within and at the outside of a buildings . They also mak
4、e use of the stiffness in beams and columns that are required for the buildings in any case , but the columns are made stronger when rigidly connected to resist the lateral as well as vertical forces though frame bending . Frequently , rigid frames will not be as stiff as shear-wall construction , a
5、nd therefore may produce excessive deflections for the more slender high-rise buildings designs . But because of this flexibility , they are often considered as being more ductile and thus less susceptible to catastrophic earthquake failure when compared with ( some ) shear-wall designs . For exampl
6、e , if over stressing occurs at certain portions of a steel rigid frame , ductility will allow the structure as a whole to deflect a little more , but it will by no means collapse even under a much larger force than expected on the structure . For this reason , rigid-frame construction is considered by some to be a “best”seismic-resisting type for high-rise steel buildings . On the other hand ,it is also unlikely that a well-designed share-wall system would collapse. Of course , it is also po
