1、 I 摘 要 本文介绍了U形管换热器的整体结构设计计算。 U形管换热器仅有一个管板, 管子两端均固定于同一管板上,管子可以自由伸缩,无热应力,热补偿性能好; 管程采用双管程,流程较长,流速较高,传热性能较好,承压能力强,管束可从 壳体内抽出,便于检修和清洗,且结构简单,造价便宜。U 形管式换热器的主要 结构包括管箱、筒体、封头、换热管、接管、折流板、防冲板和导流筒、防短路 结构、支座及管壳程的其他附件等。 本次设计为二类压力容器,设计温度和设计压力都较高,因而设计要求高。 换热器采用双管程,不锈钢换热管制造。设计中主要进行了换热器的结构设计, 强度设计以及零部件的选型和工艺设计。 关键词:关键
2、词:U U 形管换热器形管换热器;结构结构;强度强度;设计计算设计计算 II Abstract This paper introduces the U-tube heat exchanger design and calculation. U-tube heat exchanger has only one tube sheet, tubes are fixed at both ends of boards in the same tube, and tubes could telescopic freely, non-thermal stress, thermal performance a
3、nd compensation; use of double-tube process, the process is longer, higher speed, better heat transfer performance, pressure capacity, and control can be extracted from the shell with easy maintenance and cleaning, and simple structure cost less. The main structure of U-tube heat exchanger, includes
4、 Equipment control, shell, head, exchanger tubes, nozzles, baffled, impingement baffle, guide shell, anti-short-circuit structure, support and other shell-tube accessories. This time I designed a second category pressure vessel, which has high design temperature and high design pressure. Thus the de
5、sign demands are strict. It has dual heat exchanger tube, stainless steel heat exchanger manufacturers. I mainly carried out the design of heat exchanger structural design, strength of design and parts selection and process design. KEYWOEDS: U-tube heat exchanger;frame;intensity;, design and calcula
6、tion III 目录 摘 要 . I ABSTRACT . II 第 1 章 绪论 . 1 管壳式换热器。 1 1.1 概述 1 1.2 管程式换热器结构 3 1.2.1 分类及特点 4 1.3 流道选择 7 1.4 材料选择 7 1.5 管壳式换热器的传热强化技术 8 1.6 主要控制参数 9 1.7 选用要点 9 1.8 施工、安装要点 9 1.9 管壳式换热器腐蚀分析 . 10 1.10 管壳式换热器的防腐保护 11 1.11 新型换热器简介 11 第 2 章 U 形管式换热器结构设计 15 2.1 U 形管式换热器结构介绍 . 15 2.2 筒体设计 . 16 2.3 封头设计 . 16 2.4 管箱设计 . 19 2.5 布管 . 22 2.5.1 换热管的排列方式 . 22 2.5.2 换热管中心距 . 23 2.5.3 换热管与管板的连接 . 24 2.6 管板设计 . 26 2.6.1 管板的加工 . 26 2.7 折流板 . 26 2.7.1 折流板的形式 . 27 2.8 拉杆 . 28 IV 2.8.1 拉杆的直径、数量及