1、常规游梁式抽油机设计 1 摘要摘要 常规型抽油机，是机械采油设备中问世最早，应用最广泛，结构最简单的设备。抽 油机是石油工业中的一项重要组成部分，在抽油机驱动下，带动其他设备运转，实现油 井的机械式开采。主要分为游梁式和无梁式两大类。游梁式抽油机主要由发动机、三角 带、曲柄、连杆、横梁、游梁、驴头、悬绳器、支架、撬座、制动系统及平衡重组成。 随着时代的发展，对环保节能要求的不断提高，在理论与实践相结合的基础之上，目前 国内外抽油机的总的发展趋势是向着超大载荷，长冲程，低冲次，精确平衡，自动化， 智能化，节能化，高适应性，无游梁长冲程方向发展。本设计主要根据抽油机的四杆机 构（曲柄连杆横梁游梁）
2、的工作原理。 本文介绍了常规抽油机工作原理与节能原理， 以及设计过程中对抽油机运动学和动 力学分析与计算，阐述了这种设备的运动规律。游梁式抽油机驴头的悬点载荷标志抽油 机的工作能力的重要参数之一，而看它是否节能，其技术指标是抽油机的电动机实耗功 率的大小及减速器的工作状态。本设计全面概述了常规性抽油机的发展概况，抽油机的 优化设计及其节能原理。另外，设计者对抽油机得几何参数，运动参数，动力学参数进 行了全面的分析计算。 此外， 本设计不仅采用了计算机编程来计算抽油机的运动和动力学参数， 而且采用 了 Auto CAD 绘图软件，并附有中英文对照资料。 关键词关键词：常规型抽油机；悬点载荷；结构
3、；设计计算 常规游梁式抽油机设计 2 Abstract Conwentional beam-pumping unit to take out the oil machine,publishing in the machine oil extraction equapments at the earliest stage,applied extensive,the most simple equipments in structure.Pumping unit is an important component in the petroleum industry, driving by the
4、pumping units，and the other equipments are running in order to achieve the mechanized exploitation of the oil well. It is mainly classified beam and non- beam two categories. Beam style pumping unit mainly consists of the engine, triangle belt, crank, connecting rod, beam, beam, donkey head, hanging
5、 a rope device, cradles, pry block, brake system and balance weight. With the development of the ages, the requirements of energy-saving and the consciousness of environmental protection enhancement, on the basis of the combining of the theory and practice, the current domestic and international pum
6、ping units overall development trend is toward super-load, long stroke, low stroke times, precise balance, automatic, intelligent, energy- saving, high adaptability and non-beam long stroke direction. This design was mainly according to the principle of four-pole framework (crank - connecting rod - beam - beam) of pumping units. In this article ,working routine and power-saving technology of the conventional beam-pumping unit will be introduced, and during the designing procedure, the
