1、 1 摘 要 近年来, 炼铁技术迅猛发展, 总的发展趋势是建立精料基础, 扩大高炉容 积, 减少高炉数目, 延长高炉寿命, 提高生产效率,控制环境污染, 持续稳定地 生产廉价优质生铁, 增加钢铁工业的竞争力。现代高炉的冶炼特征是, 低渣量, 大喷煤, 低焦比, 高利用系数；高炉结构的特征是,采用软水冷却、全冷却壁、 薄壁炉衬、操作炉型的薄壁高炉。高炉采用大喷煤、高利用系数冶炼, 要求改善 高炉的料柱透气性和延长高炉寿命高炉精料、布料、耐火材料、冷却等技术的进 步,不断促进长寿的薄壁高炉发展。 高炉的炉型随着高炉精料性能、冶炼工艺、高炉容积、炉衬结构、冷却形式 的发展而演变, 高炉设计的理念也随
2、着科学技术的进步和生产实践的进展而更 新。 薄壁高炉的设计炉型就是高炉的操作炉型, 在生产中几乎始终保持稳定, 消除了畸形炉型。长期稳定而平滑的炉型, 有利于高炉生产的稳定和高效长寿。 高炉操作炉型的显著特征是, 炉腰直径扩大, 高径比减小, 炉腹有、炉身角缩 小。 这种炉型发展趋势是炼铁技术进步的反, 它有利于改善高炉料柱透气性, 稳 定炉料和煤气流的合理分布, 延长高炉寿命, 对大型高炉采用大喷煤、低焦比、 高利用系数冶炼更有意义。 关键词：高炉 炉型 砖壁合一 设计 2 ABSTRACTABSTRACT In recent years, the rapid development of
3、iron technology, the overall trend is expected to establish a fine basis for the expansion of blast furnace capacity, reduce the number of blast furnace, blast furnace to extend life, increase productivity, control of environmental pollution, continuous and stable production of low-cost high-quality
4、 pig iron, iron and steel industry increased competitiveness. Characteristics of a modern blast furnace smelting, the low amount of slag, the pulverized coal injection and low coke rate, high utilization factor; blast furnace structure is characterized by the use of soft water cooling, cooling the w
5、hole wall, thin lining, the thin-walled blast furnace operation. Large blast furnace pulverized coal injection, high utilization factor smelting, blast furnace to improve permeability of the material column and extend the life of blast furnace blast furnace feed, cloth, refractories, cooling and oth
6、er technological advances, and constantly promote the development of long thin-walled blast furnace. With the furnace blast furnace blast furnace feed performance, smelting process, blast furnace capacity, lining structure, cooling the evolution of forms of development, blast furnace design concepts with the scientific and technological progress and production and update the progress of practice. Thin-wall design of blast furnace is the blast furnace operation, almost always in production rema
