1、I 摘 要 病房呼叫系统由安装在护士站的报警装置和病房床头的呼叫单元组成，是病人 请求医生或护士进行诊断和护理的工具。借助病房呼叫系统架起一座病患与医护人 员之间及时沟通的桥梁，可以提高医护人员的工作效率及对病人的服务水平，进而 保证病人的安全。同时可以合理配置护理人员，降低运行成本，提高医院收益。 该系统以 STC89C52 单片机为控制核心，它控制呼叫检测、呼叫响应、呼叫报 警、呼叫显示和数据通信。系统设计采用主从结构。从机实现呼叫检测功能，主机 实现声光报警、LCD 显示和与 PC 通信等功能，主、从机借助串行通信实现呼叫信 息的传输。本设计经过原理图设计、元器件焊接，布线和编程调试等过
2、程，最后对 系统进行了整体测试。结果表明,系统各功能模块工作状态良好，整个系统设计基本 上达到了预期的目标。 关键字：关键字：病房呼叫系统；STC89C52 单片机； LCD 显示；声光报警；串行通信 II Abstract Ward Calling System, consisting of the alarm-device in the nurse station and the calling-device in the ward, is an important tool for patients to ask doctors or nurses for help. With the
3、ward calling system setting up a timely communication bridge between patients and medical staff, can improve the staffs work efficiency and service level of the patient and ensure the safety of the patients.Using the ward calling system can rational allocation of nursing personnel cost at the same t
4、ime, reducing the running cost and improving the hospital profit. STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer is the control core of the system,which controls call testing,call response,call alarm,call display and data transmission.The system uses the master-slave structure design. The slave has the function
5、 of call and the host has the function of alarm, LCD display, and communication with PC,by the serial communication realizing the information transmission between the slave and the master.After schematic design,components welding, wiring and programming debugging process, finally carried out overall
6、 tests on the system. Results show that the systems each function module works in good condition, the whole system design basically reached the expected goal. Key words: ward calling system; STC89C52; LCD display;sound-light alarm; serial communication III 目 录 1 绪 论 . 1 1.1 设计背景 1 1.2 国内外发展状况 1 1.3 设计的目的和意义 1 2 系统总体设计 . 3 2.1 设计需要实现的功能 3 2.2 设计方案的选择与比较 3 2.2.1 键盘选择比较 3 2.2.2 显示器件选择比较 4 2.2.3 通信方式选择比较 4 2.3 设计原理框图 4 3 系统硬件设计 . 6 3.1 单片机最小系统设计 6 3.1.1 STC89C52 简介 . 6 3.1.2 单片机的外围电路设计 7 3.2 键盘模块设
