1、 1 摘要摘要 减速器是各类机械设备中广泛应用的传动装置。 传统的减速器设计一般通过反复 的试凑、校核确定设计方案,虽然也能获得满足给定条件的设计方案,但一般不是 最佳的。论文通过设计变量的选取、目标函数和约束条件的确定,建立了单级圆 柱齿轮减速器的优化设计的数学模型,最后借助MATLAB 的优化工具箱进行了优 化计算,给出了优化设计程序,得到了优化参数。一级圆柱齿轮减速机是位于原动 机和工作机之间的机械传动装置。常用的减速器已标准化和规格化，用户可根据 各自的工作条件进行选择。合理的传动方案不仅应满足工作机的性能要求，而且 还要工作可靠、结构简单紧凑加工方便、成本低、传动效率高以及使用和维护
2、方 便。 关键词关键词：减速器 轴承 齿轮 机械传动 圆柱齿轮减速装置 Abstract: The reduction gear is in each kind of mechanical device the widespread application transmission device.The traditional reduction gear design through repeatedly tries to collect, the examination determination design proposal generally, although also can o
3、btain assigns the condition satisfiedly the design proposal, but is not generally best.The paper through the design variable selection, the objective function and the constraint condition determination, has established the single stage cylindrical gears reduction gear optimized design mathematical m
4、odel, finally drew support from MATLAB the optimized toolbox to carry on the optimized computation, has given the optimized design procedure, obtained the optimized parameter.The level cylindrical gears speed reducer is located between the prime mover and the working machine mechanical drive.The com
5、monly used reduction gear has standardized with the standardization, the user may act according to respective working condition to carry on the choice. Not only the reasonable transmission plan should satisfy the working machine the performance requirement, moreover also must work reliable, the stru
6、cture simple compact processing convenient, the cost low, the transmission efficiency high as well as uses and maintains conveniently. Key word: Reduction gear Bearing Gear Mechanical drive Cylindrical gears decelerating device 2 一一传动方案传动方案的总体设计的总体设计 （一）机器常由原动机、传动装置和工作机三部分组成。合理的传动方案不仅应满足工作 机的性能要求，而且还要工作可靠、结构简单紧凑加工方便、成本低、传动效率高以及使用 和维护方便。因此，设计时应注意优先保证重点，并统筹兼顾其它条件。 传动方案常用运动简图表示。 运动简图明确地表示了组成机器的原动机、 传动装置和工作机 三者之间的运动和动力传递关系，而且为传动装置的设计提供了重要依据。 分析和选择传动机构的类型及组合，合理布置传动顺序，是拟定传动方案的重要环节，通常 应考虑以下几点： （1） 带
